The fate of 12 pharmaceutical pollutants was investigated to understand their removal mechanism during hospital wastewater (HWW) treatment in submerged membrane bioreactor (SMBR). High concentrations anti-depressant (venlafaxine and desvenlafaxine), analgesic (ibuprofen hydroxy-ibuprofen), caffeine were detected the HWW entire study period. SMBR showed high >70% antibiotics (sulfamethoxa...

background prevention or management of pain is an important objective in root canal treatment. post-endodontic pain has always been an important concern for patients and clinicians. informing patients regarding the possibility of postendodontic pain and drug administration for its management can improve their trust in dentists, raise their pain threshold and increase their tendency to seek furt...

BACKGROUND Arthroscopic knee surgery is commonly performed as an outpatient procedure and is often associated with postoperative pain. OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare the effects of intra-articular levobupivacaine-tenoxicam-tramadol and levobupivacaine-tenoxicam-morphine combinations on postoperative pain in patients undergoing elective arthroscopic knee surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS A tota...

Preoperative identification of individual sensitivity to opioid analgesics could improve the quality of postoperative analgesia. We explored the feasibility and utility of a real-time assessment of sufentanil sensitivity in predicting postoperative analgesic requirement.Our primary study included 111 patients who underwent measurements of pressure and quantitative pricking pain thresholds befor...

OBJECTIVE The study aimed to compare efficacy, safety, pain intensity and analgesic consumption in patients receiving either bilateral transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block or wound infiltration with bupivacaine after cesarean delivery (CD). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 216 parturient women undergoing CD under general anesthesia were randomly allocated into five groups: i) controls (grou...

Previous studies have suggested that ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, provides a pre-emptive analgesic effect and pre-emptive analgesia improves postoperative pain management. The aim of this study was to determine the effict of pre-incisional vs. post-incisional intravenous low dose of racemic ketamine in postoperative pain in children undergoing inguinal hernia re...