A full particle simulation study is carried out on the electron acceleration at a collisionless, relatively low Alfven Mach number (MA = 5), perpendicular shock. Recent self-consistent hybrid shock simulations have demonstrated that the shock front of perpendicular shocks has a dynamic rippled character along the shock surface of low-Mach-number perpendicular shocks. In this paper, the effect o...

The question of whether amplitude scaling ground motion (GM) records introduces bias is controversial in earthquake engineering. In this study, research formally defined with a focus on evaluating determining an engineering demand parameter (EDP) as result nonlinear response history analyses (NLRHA) when using scaled rather than unscaled GM that have the same level intensity. analysed structure...

PURPOSE To assess the characteristics of P1 component in children presented with pre-lingual hearing loss, users of cochlear implants, and correlate them with speech perception performance. METHODS Ten children presented with pre-lingual sensory neural hearing loss using cochlear implants participated in this research. The cortical auditory evoked potential research was carried out with the /...

We present a new analysis of the ∆I = 1/2 rule in K → ππ decays and the B̂K parameter. We use the 1/Nc expansion within the effective chiral lagrangian for pseudoscalar mesons and compute the hadronic matrix elements at leading and nextto-leading order in the chiral and the 1/Nc expansions. Numerically, our calculation reproduces the dominant ∆I = 1/2 K → ππ amplitude. Our result depends only mo...

In this study, atomic force microscopy-based dynamic oscillatory and force-relaxation indentation was employed to quantify the time-dependent nanomechanics of native (untreated) and proteoglycan (PG)-depleted cartilage disks, including indentation modulus E(ind), force-relaxation time constant τ, magnitude of dynamic complex modulus |E(∗)|, phase angle δ between force and indentation depth, sto...

Longitudinal variations in the upper-tropospheric time-mean flow strongly modulate the structure and amplitude of upper-tropospheric eddies. This barotropic modulation is studied using simple models of wave propagation through zonally varying basic states that consist of contours separating regions of uniform barotropic potential vorticity. Such basic states represent in a simple manner the pot...

A detailed asymptotic study of the effect of small Gaussian white noise on a relaxation oscillator undergoing a supercritical Hopf bifurcation is presented. The analysis reveals an intricate stochastic bifurcation leading to several kinds of noise-driven mixed-mode oscillations at different levels of amplitude of the noise. In the limit of strong time-scale separation, five different scaling re...

Single top quark production at hadron colliders allows a direct measurement of the top quark charged current coupling. We present the complete tree-level helicity amplitudes for four processes involving the production and semileptonic decay of a single top quark: W -gluon fusion, flavor excitation, s-channel production and W associated production. For the first three processes we study the qual...

The Weyl–van-der-Waerden spinor technique for calculating helicity amplitudes of massive and massless particles is presented in a form that is particularly well suited to a direct implementation in computer algebra. Moreover, we explain how to exploit discrete symmetries and how to avoid unphysical poles in amplitudes in practice. The efficiency of the formalism is demonstrated by giving explic...