the presence of bubbles in the markets and its formation has been regarded by economists and they have been looking to develop methods that can be recognized by using appropriate method for the formation of bubbles. in this paper, first, the formation of bubbles is tested using the new unit root test known as phillips test (generalized sup adf test) for 50 companies in the tehran stock exchange...

The authors report the case of a patient (amateur motocross competitor) who suffered a fall during a motocross competition resulting in a supra and intracondylar open fracture in the right femur.

An interactive music environment to support real-time jamming by novices and amateur musicians over a network is described. JamSpace takes advantage of the low latency and connectivity of a local area network (LAN) to allow real-time rhythmic collaboration from isolated locations. Several demonstrated needs that motivate the design are discussed in detail. These include technologicallymediated ...

To increase our understanding of auditory neurocognition in musicians, we compared nonmusicians with amateur band musicians in their neural and behavioral sound encoding accuracy. Mismatch negativity and P3a components of the auditory event-related potentials were recorded to changes in basic acoustic features (frequency, duration, location, intensity, gap) and abstract features (melodic contou...

In 2009, FIFA promoted and disseminated the FIFA 11+ injury prevention programme worldwide. Developed and studied by the FIFA Medical Assessment and Research Centre (F-MARC), the programme was based on a randomised controlled study and one countrywide campaign in amateur football that significantly reduced injuries and healthcare costs. Since the FIFA 11+ launch, key publications have confirmed...

Although the musculoskeletal injuries associated with break-dancing which is gaining more popularity among adolescent and young people has been reported, the report regarding a peripheral nerve injury associated with breakdance is scarce. We report a rare case of a young amateur break-dancer, 'b-boy' who suffered from a painful paresthesia in his left hand, later diagnosed as type III Guyon's c...