The pathological lesions induced by multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in bronchi and alveoli of mice were studied by intratracheal instillation and inhalation. In instillation groups, the dose was 0.05 mg MWCNTs/mouse. Similar size clumps of MWCNTs were distributed in bronchi and alveoli. The clumps led to inflammation to the lining wall of bronchi and severe destruction to alveolar netted ...

The pulmonary alveolus, terminal gas-exchange unit of the lung, is composed of alveolar epithelial and endothelial cells separated by a thin basement membrane and interstitial space. These cells participate in the maintenance of a delicate system regulated not only by biological factors but also by the mechanical environment of the lung, which undergoes dynamic deformation during breathing. Cli...

Although narrowing and stenosis of the small airways were noted in the original description of IPF by Hamman and Rich [5] , subsequent morphologic studies have largely concentrated on the alveoli and alveolar interstitium, perhaps because the significance of small airway abnormalities in the pathophysiology of chronic fibrotic pulmonary disorders was hardly recognized. In a seminal work compari...

The general gross features of dev alveoli of the lung in the foetus are are described in the textbooks pathology (Morison, 1952; Pott4 classical description of the developr divides its growth into three ph tubular and alveolar, of which the 1 last and chiefly after birth. Th growth was thought to be due largel; of breathing (Dubreuil, Lacoste 1936). However, Laumonier (19' and Laumonier (1953) ...

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare interstitial lung disease that develops as a result of defects in the clearance of surfactant by alveolar macrophages. The accumulation of lipid- and protein-rich substances in the alveoli constitutes the main pathology of this disease. PAP has three types of aetiology: autoimmune (primary), congenital and secondary. The most common form in adults ...