In this study, the transitions of land use that occurred in the urban and peripheral areas of Chihuahua City, Mexico, were determined for the period 1989–2014. Landsat TM and OLI scenes, as well as the method of Markov Chains (MC) were used. Grasslands and Shrublands were the land uses that experienced the highest pressures for land use. Grasslands occupied 23.5% of the area in 1989, decreasing...

In this study, 2024 aluminum alloy was diffusion bonded to identify the effect of bonding temperature, applied pressure, and heating time on microstructure, hardness, strength. The shear strength increased from 62.5 MPa 81.2 along with rise in temperatures 440 °C 490 °C. rose an optimal value by extending 30 min 240 at a temperature constant pressure 5 MPa. addition, various post-weld heat trea...

Sol–gel films were prepared using different ratios of two silica precursors, vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), targeting the anticorrosion treatment of aluminum alloy 2024-T3. The electrochemical behavior of the alloy coated with such films, which was studied in a 0.05 mol L -1 NaCl solution, revealed that the VTMS/TEOS ratio drastically affects the anticorrosion ...

The material flow and microstructural evolution in the friction stir welds of a 6061-Al alloy to itself and of a 6061-Al alloy to 2024-Al alloy plates of 12.7 mm in thickness were studied under different welding conditions. The results showed that plastic deformation, flow, and mechanical mixing of the material exhibit distinct asymmetry characteristics at both sides of the same and dissimilar ...

The production of batteries often involves the joining multilayered foils to a conductive tab. In present study, solid state spot welding method, refill friction stir (refill FSSW), was employed for commercially pure aluminum (CP–Al) 2024-T3 Al alloy sheets (tab). Defect-free welds with high lap shear strength (LSS) are obtained. stirred zone (SZ), 2024 is only found within shoulder region, whi...

During operation, modern structures and their parts are subjected to complex cyclic loads. In this case, a stress-strain state can arise in products, which lead significant decrease fatigue life. regard, the development of methods for predicting fracture critical becomes urgent. The purpose work is test simple approach describing multiaxial datasets presented literature compare it with known mo...

The use of aluminum alloys as a material for engineering components that rub against each other is increasing, so it important to know the friction characteristics these alloys. In this study, Aluminum 2024 was given heat treatment with variation in aging time and anodization. Then, wear coefficient tests were carried out using pin tool on disc. effect surface anodization are determine amount t...

We conducted wide-field JHKs imaging polarimetry toward NGC 2024, which is a massive star-forming region in the Orion B cloud. We found a prominent and extended polarized nebula over NGC 2024, and constrained the location of illuminating source of the nebula through the analysis of polarization vectors. A massive star, IRS 2b with a spectral type of O8 − B2, is located in the center of the symm...