The production of carboxylic acids by partial wet oxidation of alkali lignin at elevated temperatures and pressures was studied experimentally. Two different heteropoly acids, phosphotungstic acid (H₃PW12O40) and phosphomolybdic acid (H₃PMo12O40), were used to catalyze the oxidation of lignin under hydrothermal conditions. Factors influencing the total yield of carboxylic acids formed during th...

Aldehyde dehydrogenases play crucial roles in the detoxification of exogenous and endogenous aldehydes by catalysing their oxidation to carboxylic acid counterparts. The present study reports characterization of two such isoenzymes from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii (NCYC 3264), one mitochondrial (Ald4p) and one cytosolic (Ald6p). Both Ald4p and Ald6p were oligomeric in solu...

Reactions of N-isocyaniminotriphenylphosphorane with cyclopentanone have been studied in the presence of aromatic carboxylic acids and primary amines, proceeds smoothly at room temperature under neutral conditions to afford sterically congested 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives by an intramolecular Aza-Wittig cyclization in CH2Cl2 in excellent yields. The structures of the products were deduced from...

Reactions of  N-isocyaniminotriphenylphosphorane with α- chloroketones in the presence ofaromatic carboxylic acids proceed smoothly at room temperature and in neutral conditions toafford new disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives in high yields.

The first synthesis of hydroxamic acids from alcohols has been developed. Both benzylic and aliphatic alcohols can be tolerated and applied in this reaction. The methodology is economical, environmentally benign and high yielding.

Novotný O., Cejpek K., Velíšek J. (2008): Formation of carboxylic acids during degradation of monosaccharides. Czech J. Food Sci., 26: 117–131. The formation of low molecular carboxylic and hydroxycarboxylic acids as well as sugar and deoxysugar acids from monosaccharides (d-glucose, d-fructose, d-arabinose, dl-glyceraldehyde, and 1,3-dihydroxyacetone) was studied in three different model syste...