We define generalized Koszul modules and rings develop a theory for N-graded with the degree zero part noetherian semiperfect. This specializes to classical graded artinian semisimple developed by Beilinson-Ginzburg-Soergel ungraded semiperfect Green Martinéz-Villa. Let A be left finite ring generated in 1 A0 semiperfect, J its Jacobson radical. By dual of we mean Yoneda Ext Ext_A•(A/J,A/J). If...

We present applications of contramodule techniques to the Enochs conjecture about covers and direct limits, both in categorical tilting context beyond. In n-tilting–cotilting correspondence situation, if $$\mathsf A$$ is a Grothendieck abelian category related B$$ equivalent contramodules over topological ring $$\mathfrak R$$ belonging one certain four classes rings (e. g., commutative), then l...

In 1954 Zelinsky [16] proved that every element in the ring of linear transformations of a vector space V over a division ring D is a sum of two units unless dim V = 1 and D = Z2. Because EndD(V ) is a (von-Neumann) regular ring, Zelinsky’s result generated quite a bit of interest in regular rings that have the property that every element is a sum of (two) units. Clearly, a ring R, having Z2 as...

A module is called uniseriat if it has a unique composition series of finite length. A ring (always with 1) is called serial if its right and left free modules are direct sums of uniserial modules. Nakayama, who called these rings generalized uniserial rings, proved [21, Theorem 171 that every finitely generated module over a serial ring is a direct sum of uniserial modules. In section one we g...

It is proven that each indecomposable injective module over a valuation domain R is polyserial if and only if each maximal immediate extension R̂ of R is of finite rank over the completion R̃ of R in the R-topology. In this case, for each indecomposable injective module E, the following invariants are finite and equal: its Malcev rank, its Fleischer rank and its dual Goldie dimension. Similar res...

Let $T=\biggl(\begin{matrix} A&0\\U&B\end{matrix}\biggr)$ be a formal triangular matrix ring, where $A$ and $B$ are rings $U$ is $(B, A)$-bimodule. We first give some computing formulas of projective, injective, flat $FP$-injective dimensions special left $T$-modules. Then we establish (weak) global $T$. It proven that (1) If $U_{A}$ $_{B}U$ $lD(A)\neq lD(B)$, then $lD(T)={\rm m...

Recently, Takahashi established a new approximation theory for finitely generated modules over commutative Noetherian rings, which unifies the spherical approximation theorem due to Auslander and Bridger and the Cohen–Macaulay approximation theorem due to Auslander and Buchweitz. In this paper we generalize these results to much more general case over non-commutative rings. As an application, w...