The goal of this study was to determine the rat lens aldose reductase-inhibitory effects of 95% ethanol extracts from the leaves of C. esculenta and, its organic solvent soluble fractions, including the dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (BuOH) and water (H2O) layers, using dl-glyceraldehyde as a substrate. Ten compounds, namely tryptophan (1), orientin (2), isoorientin ...

This study evaluated the effects of aldose reductase inhibition on diabetes-induced oxidative-nitrosative stress and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activation. In animal experiments, control and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated with or without the aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI) fidarestat (16 mg . kg(-1) . day(-1)) for 6 weeks starting from induction of diabetes. Sorbitol...

Although enhanced activity of the polyol pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of certain complications of diabetes, evidence that aldose reductase activity and sorbitol content are increased in the characteristic tissue site of the diabetic renal lesion has been lacking. We therefore measured polyols in glomeruli isolated from control and streptozotocin-diabetic rats, and assessed wh...

Background: Trans-(-)-kusunokinin, a multi-target molecule (such as CSF1R, MMP-12, HSP90-α, cyclinB1, MEK1, HER2 and AKR1B1), inhibited breast, cholangiocarcinoma, colon ovarian cancer cells proliferation. In addition, natural trans-(−)-kusunokinin inhibits tumor growth migration in the rat model. However, there is no evidence to confirm interaction effects of synthetic trans-(±)-kusunokinin (K...

Increased flux of glucose through the polyol pathway may cause generation of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to tissue damage. Abnormalities in expression of enzymes that protect against oxidant damage may accentuate the oxidative injury. The expression of catalase (CAT), CuZn superoxide-dismutase (CuZnSOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and Mn superoxide-dismutase (MnSOD) mRNA wa...

Two enzymes are involved in the polyol pathway: an aldose reductase that reduces glucose in sorbitol followed by its oxidation in fructose by sorbitol dehydrogenase. It has been previously shown that both enzymes are presented in the bovine epididymis, where they are associated with membranous vesicles called epididymosomes. Based on the distribution of these enzymes, it has been hypothesized t...