The hormone insulin, which is produced in the pancreas, is an important regulator of blood sugar levels. In people with diabetes, the pancreas does not produce sufficient insulin (type 1 diabetes) or the body does not respond appropriately to the insulin (type 2 diabetes). Alcohol consumption by diabetics can worsen blood sugar control in those patients. For example, long-term alcohol use in we...

In order to determine the specificity of abnormalities of alcohol metabolism in patients with alcoholic liver disease, blood acetaldehyde concentrations after oral ethanol challenge and the activities of alcohol metabolising enzymes in liver biopsy samples have been determined in patients with alcoholic liver disease and a wide variety of non-alcoholic liver disorders. Significant decreases in ...

There is no evidence to suggest that individuals with type 1 diabetes adopt a different approach to their use of alcohol than the rest of the population. Nevertheless, in patients treated with insulin, alcohol has been implicated in up to one-fifth of hospital attendances with hypoglycemia (1). Recently, in a laboratory-based study, Turner et al. (2) reported that ingestion of alcohol with an e...

The concentration of nitric oxide (NO) is increased in the exhaled air of patients with inflammatory lung diseases, including asthma, possibly reflecting cytokine-mediated chronic airway inflammation. Endogenous NO is generated from L-arginine by the action of several types of NO synthase (NOS). NOS have structural similarities with cytochrome P450 reductases. Alcohol decreases exhaled NO in an...

1. Delanghe J, De Buyzere M. Carbohydrate deficient transferrin and forensic medicine. Clin Chim Acta 2009;406:1–7. 2. Delanghe JR, Helander A, Wielders JPM, Pekelharing JM, Roth HJ, Schellenberg F, et al. Development and multicenter evaluation of the N Latex CDT direct immunonephelometric assay for serum carbohydrate-deficient transferrin. Clin Chem 2007;53:1115–21. 3. Maenhout TM, De Buyzere ...

Vasodilator substances liberated from endothelial cells, mainly nitric oxide (NO), play important roles in physiologically regulating blood flow and blood pressure and preventing pathological vascular damage. Impairment of these actions promotes the genesis of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, cerebral and cardiac hypoperfusion, impaired vasodilatation and atherosclerosis. Low conce...

We studied several relevant biological aspects of breath-alcohol, analysis in 55 healthy men and women, after alcohol ingestion and during breathalcohol analysis with a typical 4th-generation instrument. We measured breath volumes, delivery pressures, and end-expiratory temperatures, with the following findings: End-expiratory temperature, 32.4135.69 #{176}C (mean, 34.53 #{176}C); forced vital ...

ADICCIONES, 2014 · VOL. 26 NÚM. 2 · PÁGS. 134-145 Alcohol intensive consumption (AIC) in university students has important clinical and social implications that motivate the need to look into the factors that favor its apparition and consolidation. More concretely, this study assesses the role of impulsivity and the associated expectations about consumption, as well as the possible mediation of...

The prolonged and excessive consumption of alcohol has been shown to predispose the host to a variety of infectious complications, which may be due, in part, to the inability to produce important activating and chemotactic cytokines. In this study, we assessed the effect of alcohol ingestion on the expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and the chemokines macrophage inflammatory...