This in situ/ex vivo study assessed the effect of different concentrations of fluoride in dentifrices on dentin subjected to erosion or to erosion plus abrasion. Ten volunteers took part in this crossover and double-blind study performed in 3 phases (7 days). They wore acrylic palatal appliances containing 4 bovine dentin blocks divided in two rows: erosion and erosion plus abrasion. The blocks...

Nb-B-Al-O nanocomposite films with different power of Al2O3 were successfully deposited on the Si substrate via multi-target magnetron co-sputtering method. The influences of Al2O3's content on structure and properties of obtained nanocomposite films through controlling Al2O3's power were investigated. Increasing the power of Al2O3 can influence the bombarding energy and cause the momentum tran...

The objective of this work is to obtain in situ slurry fluid flow data during the chemical mechanical planarization CMP process. Slurry flow affects the material removal processes, the creation of defects, and consumable use during CMP, and therefore impacts the cost and quality of polishing. Wafer-scale flow visualization using seeded slurry was accomplished for a variable applied load 0.3–2.5...

When an abrasive mixed with a polymer of special rheological properties and forced through a restricting medium, the abrasive and polymer will act as a self forming tool that precisely removes work piece material and improve the surface finish at those areas restricting to the medium flow. It is capable of machining areas which are difficult to reach by conventional machining and can be used to...

OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to assess the nitrogen (N) use efficiency of acidified pig slurry for regrowth yield and its environmental impacts on perennial ryegrass swards. METHODS The pH of digested pig slurry was adjusted to 5.0 or 7.0 by the addition of sulfuric acid and untreated as a control. The pig slurry urea of each treatment was labeled with 15N urea and applied at a rate of 2...

Acidification of slurry with sulfuric acid is a recent agricultural practice that may serve a double purpose: reducing ammonia emission and ensuring crop sulfur sufficiency. We investigated S transformations in untreated and acidified pig slurry stored for up to 11 mo at 2, 10, or 20 degrees C. Furthermore, the fertilizer efficiency of sulfuric acid in acidified slurry was investigated in a pot...

The properties of composite resin for dental fillings were improved by development, but its weakness continues to be its wear strength. Several tests have been proposed to evaluate wear in composite resin materials. The aim of this study was to verify how polishing and the type of abrasive can influence the wear rate of composite resin. The test was carried out on two groups. In one group we em...

Abrasive blasting, sometimes known as sandblasting, is a method used to change the surface condition of materials, clean surfaces, and prepare surfaces for applications such paint, bonding, coating, etc. The abrasive materials in blasting are applied with compressed air or water vary according purpose application. have negative effects on environment human health. So far, organic been limited b...

ALD high-κ dielectrics and TiN metal-gate were successfully incorporated in both Si and Si0.7Ge0.3 surface-channel pMOSFETs. The high-κ gate dielectrics used included Al2O3 /HfAlOx /Al2O3, Al2O3 /HfO2 /Al2O3 and Al2O3. The Si transistors with Al2O3 /HfAlOx /Al2O3 showed a sub-threshold slope of 75 mV/dec. and a density of interface states of 3×10 cmeV. No obvious degradation of the Si channel h...