The production of aromatic hydrocarbons from cellulose by zeolite-catalyzed fast pyrolysis involves a complex reaction network sensitive to the zeolite structure, crystallinity, elemental composition, porosity, and acidity. The interplay of these parameters under the reaction conditions represents a major roadblock that has hampered significant improvement in catalyst design for over a decade. ...

Nano-sized protonated ZSM–5 ( H-ZSM-5nanozeolite) was successfully synthesized by the hydrothermal method using the bagasse ash (BGA) as a new silica source. Cultivated BGA in the south of the Caspian Sea (Mazandaran province, Iran) was used for extracting silica powder. H-ZSM-5 was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM...

The desorption of methanol and dimethyl ether has been studied over fresh and hydrocarbon-occluded ZSM-5 catalysts with Si/Al ratios of 25, 36 and 135 using a temporal analysis of products reactor. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, N2 physisorption and pyridine FT-IR. The crystal size increases with Si/Al ratio from 0.10 to 0.78 μm. The kinetic parameters were obtained using the Red...

In this study, the phase transition characteristics of flame-synthesized γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles to α-Al2O3 have been investigated. The nanoparticles were synthesized by using a coflow hydrogen diffusion flame. The phase transition and particle characteristics of the Al2O3 nanoparticles were determined by examining the crystalline structure and the shape of the collected nanoparticles before and ...

The abundant C1 source CO2 can be utilized to produce value-added chemicals through hydrogenation technology. A bifunctional catalyst consisting of reducible metal oxide Cr2O3 and acidic zeolite ZSM-5 was designed for the direct conversion + H2 into valuable aromatics, especially para-xylene (PX), via methanol-mediated pathway. twin structure (ZSM-5T), with sinusoidal channels that are predomin...

A two-stage pyrolysis–nonthermal plasma/catalytic steam reforming reactor system was used to produce hydrogen from waste high-density polyethylene in relation different catalyst support materials. The materials investigated were MCM-41, Y-zeolite, ZSM-5, Al2O3, TiO2, dolomite, BaTiO3, CaTiO3, and Mo2C. Some of the suppressed generation plasma, while others enhanced it by improving microdischarg...

In this study, γ-Al2O3 particles were dispersed in p-type Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3 through mechanical alloying to form γ-Al2O3/Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3 composite powders. The composite powders were consolidated using vacuum hot pressing to produce nanoand microstructured composites. Thermoelectric (TE) measurements indicated that adding an optimal amount of γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles improves the TE performance of the fa...

Structures and testing methods for measuring the adhesion strength, minimum bending diameter, and bending fatigue performance of thin-film polymer electronic architectures were developed and applied to Parylene–metal–Parylene systems with and without the moisture barrier Al2O3 [deposited using atomic layer deposition (ALD)]. Parylene–metal– Parylene interfaces had the strongest average peel tes...

The aluminum oxide (Al2O3) thin films with various thicknesses under 50 nm were deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on silicon substrate. The surface topography investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the samples were smooth and crack-free. The ellipsometric spectra of Al2O3 thin films were measured and analyzed before and after annealing in nitrogen condition in the ...