An experiment examined visual performance in a simulated luggage-screening task. Observers participated in five sessions of a task requiring them to search for knives hidden in x-ray images of cluttered bags. Sensitivity and response times improved reliably as a result of practice. Eye movement data revealed that sensitivity increases were produced entirely by changes in observers' ability to r...

Most of the proposed security protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are designed to provide the uniform level of security across the network. There are various multi-sensing applications like sensors monitoring airport runway control system which may also be used to monitor environmental conditions such as wind speed and direction. When these nodes communicate, they may require different...

Appropriate information security solutions for software-intensive systems, together with evidence of their security performance help to prevent serious consequences for businesses and the stakeholders. Security metrics can be used to offer this evidence. We investigate practical and holistic development of security metrics for software-intensive systems. Our approach is security requirement-cen...

In a pilot study, we employed a series of novel economic games to investigate the underexplored behavioral aspects of security investment decisions and security investment structure decisions (i.e., budgeting the security expenditure among different types of security measures). In our study, decision makers exhibited a bias toward investing in prevention even though investing in detection and r...

Assessing the value of information technology (IT) security is challenging because of the difficulty of measuring the cost of security breaches. An event-study analysis, using market valuations, was used to assess the impact of security breaches on the market value of breached firms. The information-transfer effect of security breaches (i.e., their effect on the market value of firms that devel...

Every passenger who travels by air is exposed to security screening. As part of this procedure, the passenger typically is screened by a walk-through metal detector. Such a device should effectively detect prohibited metal items while simultaneously ensuring adequate throughput at the security screening checkpoint. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate both these factors when selecting an appr...

Security at major locations of economic or political importance is a key concern around the world, particularly given the threat of terrorism. Limited security resources prevent full security coverage at all times, which allows adversaries to observe and exploit patterns in selective patrolling or monitoring, e.g. they can plan an attack avoiding existing patrols. Hence, randomized patrolling o...

Visual search—the ability to locate visual targets among distractors—is a fundamental part of professional performance for many careers, including radiology, airport security screening, cytology, lifeguarding, and more. Successful execution of visual search in these settings is critically important because the consequences of a missed target can be horrific. Unfortunately, many of these profess...

We examine the impact of post-9/11 airport security measures on air travel in the U.S. Using five years of data on passenger volume, we evaluate the effects of the implementation of baggage screening and the federalization of passenger screening on the demand for air travel. These two congressionally mandated measures are the most visible changes in airport security following the 9/11 attacks. ...