In the past, it has been assumed that space missions were the exclusive domain of state-controlled agencies. In consequence, the international agreements enshrined in ‘Space Law’ only indirectly addressed issues of certification and liability that arise when fare-paying passengers are transported on sub-orbital flights. Conversely, international conventions on commercial aviation are difficult ...

Public awareness of medical accidents is growing, as the rapidly rising rate of litigation and the corresponding increase in defence society subscriptions testify. In many activities-for example, aviation, road and rail travel, industry-errors and accidents are the object of systematic study.24 Aircraft accidents are extensively investigated and extraordinary measures taken to minimise the risk...

The UK Ministry of Defence (2003) recently argued that the use of night vision equipment improves ‘shared situation awareness’ and ‘greatly enhanced operational effectiveness... in surveillance and target acquisition in close combat’. They are ‘particularly effective in the urban environment’ and in support of ‘marshalling and logistic maneuvers at night’. However, there is good evidence to sug...

In the frame of this thesis the use of the new media Virtual-Reality (VR) has been evaluated for the analysis of eyewitness reports in the field of aircraft accident investigation. The development has been based on the actual overview of existing applications and the existing problematic to recalculate a flight path without flight recorder data or radar information. Further the physiology and p...

While unsafe behavior of frontline hospital staff, primarily physicians and nurses, is sometimes the proximal cause of adverse events, the critical importance of system-wide, hospital organizational factors is now being acknowledged(1,2). These organizational factors create the "safety culture" that influences the occurrence of these proximal failures.(3) The concept of safety culture originate...

In aviation accident investigations, specimens from fatal aircraft victims are analyzed for drugs. The presence of drugs suggests possible associated medical conditions for which they might have been taken. As drugs are mostly present in therapeutic to subtherapeutic levels in aviation forensic toxicology cases, determination of parent drugs and their metabolites in multispecimens is of signifi...

Accident reports are important documents for the development of many interactive systems. They are a primary mechanism by which designers and regulators learn about human ‘error’ and systems ‘failure’. These documents do, however, suffer from a number of limitations. In particular, it can be difficult for readers to trace the ways in which particular individuals are influenced by, and in turn h...

The purpose of this paper is to review the work that has been done in the past years by various researchers in vibration based health and usage monitoring and to identify the principal features and signal-processing algorithm used to this purpose. The damage detection concepts and the signal analysis techniques will be reviewed and categorized. Latest advances in signal processing methodologies...

This paper presents a new methodology, based on the probabilistic approach, for biorhythmic analysis to prevent aviation accidents. The methodology has been developed using the Gaussian distribution technique for reliability evaluation of the aviation system, keeping in mind the biorhythmic effects of the pilot. The normal distributed data of the US Air Force were tested and analysed based on t...

car manufacturing industry accident’s rates from three major companies are analyzed. totally 1325 accidents with 4 cases of fatality were recorded. accident rates per 100 full-time workers have gradually increased from 5.3 to 8.7 during 3 years of study. most of the accidents occurred during the primary hours of the work, strains and sprains represented the most frequently occurring type of inj...