OBJECTIVE We studied the association of digestible carbohydrates, fiber intake, glycemic index, and glycemic load with insulin sensitivity (S(I)), fasting insulin, acute insulin response (AIR), disposition index, BMI, and waist circumference. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data on 979 adults with normal (67%) and impaired (33%) glucose tolerance from the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study ...

BACKGROUND Particulate air pollution has been associated with several adverse cardiovascular health outcomes, and people with diabetes may be especially vulnerable. One potential pathway is inflammation and endothelial dysfunction-processes in which cell adhesion molecules and inflammatory markers play important roles. AIM To examine whether plasma levels of soluble intercellular adhesion mol...

This paper presents an integrated and adaptive problem-solving approach to control the on-road air quality by modeling the road infrastructure, managing traffic based on pollution level and generating recommendations for road users. The aim is to reduce vehicle emissions in the most polluted road segments and optimizing the pollution levels. For this we propose the use of historical and real ti...

One of the applied methods for environmental impact assessment is the index of global pollution (IGP) proposed by Rojanschi in 1991. This methodology enables the global estimation for the ecosystem state affected more or less by human activities. Unfortunately, Rojanschi’s method has a limitation; it can be applied only if at least three environmental components are considered. Frequently, many...

To evaluate the levels of indoor air pollution in rural areas of China and their effects on respiratory health, we monitored the indoor (bedroom and kitchen) and outdoor levels of PM10, SO2 and CO in 189 randomly selected households of rural areas, Anhui province, China. We also conducted an investigation of 487 subjects between the ages of 15 – 65 years old with a questionnaire. The PM10 level...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess relations between socioeconomic status and local air quality, and combined effects on respiratory health, in the context of environmental and health inequality. DESIGN Data on people taking part in the Health Survey for England were attributed with a small area index of air pollution using annual mean concentrations of nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, benzene, and ...

It is an extremely urgent problem that physical fitness promotion must face not only the increasing air pollution but also the decline of physical activity level of children and adolescents worldwide at present, which is the major reason that forms an inactive lifestyle and does harm to adolescents' health. Thus, it is necessary to focus on the exposure factor in environmental health risk asses...

Air pollution issues in South Africa were only brought to public attention in the late 1980’s when concern was expressed over the high emissions from industries on the Highveld (east of Johannesburg). Air pollution issues have since been raised in other parts of the country such as Durban and Cape Town. Although the research and monitoring of air pollution has been largely fragmented and uncoor...