Sirt1 has been associated with various effects of calorie restriction, including an increase in lifespan. Here we show in mice that a central regulatory component in energy metabolism, the hypothalamic melanocortin system, is affected by Sirt1, which promotes the activity and connectivity of this system resulting in negative energy balance. In adult mice, the pharmacological inhibition of brain...

Objective: Appetite regulation has a great impact on energy homeostasis. This study aimed to compare the response agouti-related protein (AGRP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) to a single high intensity interval training (HIIT) in obese and underweight men. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental research conducted on 40 obese and underweight men who were divided into four groups including expe...

Classic non-homeostatic structures involved in food intake regulation are reciprocally influenced by metabolic signals. Orexigenic peptides expressed the olfactory bulb (OB) and hippocampus (HP) modulate processing memory, respectively. Hypothalamic circuits also feeding behavior activating releasing Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) response to orexigenic An adequate fasting requires expression of...

Melanocortin signalling is mediated by binding to a family of G protein-coupled receptors that positively couple to adenylyl cyclase. Tetrapod species have five melanocortin (MC(1)-MC(5)) receptors. The number of receptors varies in fish, zebrafish, for example, having six melanocortin receptors, with two copies of the melanocortin MC(5) receptor, while pufferfish have 4 receptors with no melan...

The Agouti-like peptides including AgRP, ASIP and the teleost-specific A2 (ASIP2 and AgRP2) peptides have potent and diverse functional roles in feeding, pigmentation and background adaptation mechanisms. There are contradictory theories about the evolution of the Agouti-like peptide family as well the nomenclature. Here we performed comprehensive mining and annotation of vertebrate Agouti-like...

26 Besides its quintessential role in reproduction, 17β-estradiol (E2) is a potent anorexigenic 27 hormone. E2 and the selective Gq-coupled membrane estrogen receptor (Gq-mER) ligand, 28 STX, rapidly increase membrane excitability in proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons by 29 desensitizing the coupling of GABAB receptors to G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying K 30 channels (GIRKs), which upon a...