One of the goals of the government is to increase the competitiveness of domestic firms to export goods and services. Moreover, the role of exports in many economic sectors has been emphasized. There are two essential requirements for developing non-oil exports: first, the presence of firms in export markets and increasing their competitiveness; second, the survival of them in international mar...

The article describes the methodology for estimating Russia’s consumer sector and the effect of its application. The monitoring procedure of the Russian consumer sector groups indications into two units: estimation of consumer goods and the services market unit. It is worth noting that the state of the consumer sector in the context of its components are evaluated continuously. For example, foo...

European agricultural landscapes have been shaped by humans to produce marketable private goods such as food, feed, fiber and timber. Land-use intensification to increase provisioning services in such productive landscapes alters the capacity of ecosystems to supply other services (often public goods and services) that are also vital for human wellbeing. However, the interactions, synergies and...

Participants in a supply chain of agricultural value-added products face significant challenges. Many of the costly distinctive traits desired by consumers are difficult (if not impossible) to observe even after consumption. A complicating factor, addressed here, is that in some circumstances delivered quality can only be imperfectly learned and/or affected stochastically by producers. Hence, b...

Supermarket consumers typically purchase more than one item at a time. Modeling demand relationship among items in consumers’shopping baskets is therefore essential to understanding how retailers set prices. To date, models of price competition among retailers typically assume consumers make discrete choices among categories in the store or derive utility from independent goods that is una¤ecte...

Mounting evidence suggests that ethnic interactions damage cooperation in the provision of public goods, yet very few studies of collective action in common pool resource management have found strong evidence for the effects of ethnic diversity. Research on both public goods and common pool resource management that does find negative ethnic effects on cooperation tend to ignore the importance o...

Households in developing countries live in high risk environments and are potentially vulnerable to weather shocks, illness and other causes of income variability. We draw on the full-insurance literature and look at the ability of households in Vietnam to smooth consumption when faced with idiosyncratic shocks to income, but we modify the standard model in several ways. Instead of looking at c...

By importing food and agricultural goods, countries cope with the heterogeneous global water distribution and often rely on water resources available abroad. The virtual displacement of the water used to produce such goods (known as virtual water) connects together, in a global water system, all countries participating to the international trade network. Local food-production crises, having soc...

The literature on the relationship between households and environmental change commonly termed the poverty-environment relationship is characterised by theoretical inadequacies and a lack of empirical verification. In this paper, we start by presenting a model which integrates a multiple-use environmental resource system within the standard agricultural household model. We demonstrate the theor...