INTRODUCTION Smoking is highly addictive, and nicotine abstinence is associated with withdrawal syndrome in hospitalized patients. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of sudden nicotine abstinence on the development of agitation and delirium, and on morbidities and outcomes in critically ill patients who required respiratory support, either noninvasive ventilation or intubation, and ...

BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a worldwide leading cause of mortality and disability. Among TBI complications, agitation is a frequent behavioural problem. Agitation causes potential harm to patients and caregivers, interferes with treatments, leads to unnecessary chemical and physical restraints, increases hospital length of stay, delays rehabilitation, and impedes functional indep...

BACKGROUND Endotracheal suctioning is a necessary procedure practiced by nurses in intensive care units to remove lung secretions. This procedure leads to higher oxygenation levels and reduced breathing difficulties. It also prevents atelectasis, pulmonary infections, and the accumulation of secretions. OBJECTIVES The present study aims to compare the effectiveness of open and closed endotrac...

As climate warming threatens the persistence of many species and populations, it is important to forecast their responses to warming thermal regimes. Climate warming often traps populations in smaller habitat fragments, not only changing biotic parameters, but potentially decreasing adaptive potential by decreasing genetic variability. We examined the ability of six genetically distinct and dif...

The selectivity of electrocatalytic reduction CO 2 (CDR) is dictated not only by the intrinsic reactivity catalyst but also transport reactants to (i.e., mass transport). Current methods for increasing in CDR rely upon either (1) mechanical agitation or (2) use gas-diffusion electrodes and are unable eliminate concentration polarization completely. This work demonstrates that magnetic fields or...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the efficacy of a systematic algorithm for providing individualized, nonpharmacological interventions for reducing agitated behaviors in nursing home residents with dementia. METHODS This placebo-controlled study combined nomothetic and ideographic methodologies. The study was conducted in 12 nursing home buildings in Maryland; 6 were used ...

OBJECTIVES Noncognitive behavioral disturbances including agitation and aggression frequently accompany the cognitive symptoms of dementia accounting for much of dementia's morbidity, yet treatment options are currently limited. The authors examine the safety and efficacy of Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) for agitation and aggression in dementia patients. DESIGN Retrospective systematic char...

We describe a patient with advanced young-onset Alzheimer’s disease whose intractable behavioral disturbance and agitation responded to short acting opioid medications after failure of multiple other medications and nonpharmacological methods of treatment. Opioids are a little explored but potentially useful addition to the armamentarium of tools for managing severe agitation in patients with d...

Background: We have noticed a high incidence of postoperative agitation (POA) following functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), we reviewed our anesthesia protocol and designed this study. The present study investigated the possible contributing factors in the development of POA in adults, by avoiding these factors postoperative agitation can