A main obstacle in manufacturing the TWIRL device for realizing the sieving step of the Number Field Sieve is the sophisticated chip layout. Especially the logic for logging and recovering large prime factors found during sieving adds significantly to the layout complexity. We describe a device building on the Elliptic Curve Method (ECM) that for parameters of interest allows to replace the com...

Mertens (1997) defined physically effective NDF (peNDF) as the fraction of NDF that stimulated chewing and contributed to a ruminal digesta mat. He also proposed a standard laboratory method for measuring peNDF that involved dry sieving and measuring the fraction of sample NDF retained on the ≥1.18-mm sieve. This large particle pool requires rumination and has a high resistance to escape from t...

The small size of Na(+) and Cl(-) ions provides a bottleneck in desalination and is a challenge in providing alternatives for continuously depleting fresh water resources. Graphene by virtue of its structural properties has the potential to address this issue. Studies have indicated that use of monolayer graphene can be used to filter micro volumes of saline solution. Unfortunately it is extrem...

Microfluidic design has advanced existing protein separation capabilities and supported novel assays. Key metrics for successful protein separations include fast, robust, and sensitive analysis of complex mixtures of bio-macromolecules. Attaining high separation resolution is a chief concern. Here we review recent advances in polymer-based electrophoresis sieving materials that are impacting mi...

We have seen that with a few modifications, the basic combinatorial idea behind the sieve of Eratosthenes can be used to get a fairly accurate count of the number of integers in [1, x] free of prime factors p ≤ y, provided that y ≤ x log log . We now state a more general sieving problem and check that the ideas we developed can be carried over to it. The following notation is typical of sieve m...

The sieving characteristics of the normal and inflamed rectal mucosa are studied in three healthy volunteers and five patients with ulcerative colitis. Following rectal instillation of (125)I-polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), the molecular size distribution of labelled PVP in urine samples was determined by Sephadex gel filtration. The results of the study suggest that the increased permeability of t...

A partially purified enterotoxin was obtained from the growth medium of Escherichia coli strain 711 (P307), a derivative of E. coli K-12, by ultrafiltration, precipitation with ammonium sulfate, molecular sieving, and anion exchange column chromatography. The active moiety, which is heat-labile, behaved like a protein particle of 180,000 to 200,000 daltons during molecular sieving and ultracent...

BACKGROUND Apart from their standard applications, haemofiltration (HF) and plasmafiltration (PF) may provide helpful therapy for sepsis, multiple organ- and acute liver-failure. Some colloids cause either decreases or increases in blood cell agglomeration. We hypothesized that solutions which reduce cell aggregability may lead to both improved filter clearance and better haemocompatibility due...

Basement membranes are specialized extracellular matrices with support, sieving, and cell regulatory functions. The molecular architectures of these matrices are created through specific binding interactions between unique glycoprotein and proteoglycan protomers. Type IV collagen chains, using NH2-terminal, COOH-terminal, and lateral association, form a covalently stabilized polygonal framework...

Various methods were tested for preserving estuarine sediments in the field before biochemical analysis of the microbiota. Total microbial biomass was determined as lipid phosphate (LP), and the fatty acids of the microbial lipids were used as indicators of community structure. Control samples were sieved to remove macroinvertebrates and plant materials and were extracted immediately in the fie...