Thirty-three physicians, bioethicists, and medical economists from ten different countries met at Lawrence University, Appleton, Wisconsin, to create The Appleton Consensus: International Guidelines for Decisions to Forgo Medical Treatment. The guidelines deal with four specific decision-making circumstances. 1. Five guidelines were created for decisions involving competent patients or patients...

Aims and method To determine features associated with better perceived quality of training for psychiatrists on advance decision-making in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (MCA), and whether the quality or amount of training were associated with positive attitudes or use of advance decisions to refuse treatment (ADRTs) by psychiatrists in people with bipolar disorder. An anonymised national survey ...

In the case of Nancy Cruzan, involving an incompetent patient's right to have artificial feeding withdrawn, the Supreme Court of the United States upheld the State of Missouri's right to set evidenciary standards prior to the discontinuation of care. The "clear and convincing" standard of the Cruzan ruling highlights the primary care physician's importance in proactively addressing advance dire...

To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing a "Let Me Decide" advance directive education program among veterans living in the community, the authors studied 150 veterans in south central Ontario. Thirty-four veterans had preexisting Powers of Attorney and were removed from the analysis, leaving a total sample of 116. Two methods of systematically implementing a directive prog...

Abstract: Introduction: The patient’s autonomy in making decisions about their life and diagnostic therapeutic approaches related to health has been the object of growing social value. Then advanced directives appear express last will, safeguarding Principle Autonomy. During undergraduate learning process, students are committed life, all training is based on technical aspects. Only a small par...