The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do no necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the State of California. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation. Executive Summary The Bay Area ATIS (Advanced Traveler Information System) testbed ...

We show that the distinction between Self and Other, ‘us’ and ‘them,’ or in-group and out-group, affects significantly economic and social behavior. In a series of experiments with approximately 200 Midwestern students as our subjects, we found that they favor those who are similar to them on any of a wide range of categories of identity over those who are not like them. Whereas family and kins...