Oral valacyclovir for cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis in bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was investigated in a randomized, double-blind, acyclovir-controlled, multicenter clinical trial in recipients of allogeneic BMT who were CMV seropositive (or donor positive) before transplantation and were aged 13 years or older. Patients were randomized before BMT. All initially received intravenous a...

OBJECTIVE To compare valacyclovir hydrochloride with acyclovir in the treatment of recurrent genital herpes infection. DESIGN A multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel-design study. SETTING University clinics (dermatology, gynecology, and infectious diseases) and private practices. PATIENTS One thousand two hundred patients with recurrent genital herpes simplex...

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) strain 1737, acyclovir-resistant and uniformly thymidine kinase-deficient (tkD) by all conventional assays, clinically reactivated in an AIDS patient in the absence of antiviral drug pressure. Investigation of its neurovirulence and latency characteristics in a mouse model using a tkD plaque isolate (1737-14), however, yielded a neurovirulent, homogeneous, acyclovir-s...

BACKGROUND Genital herpes is epidemic in the United States; long-term acyclovir therapy is common; and long-term use of antimicrobials in suppressive doses favors development of resistance. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of and risk factors for acyclovir-resistant genital herpes. METHODS We identified and attempted to enroll all patients 18 years or older with suspected genital herpe...

Forty patients were entered into a randomised placebo controlled crossover study to assess the efficacy and safety of oral acyclovir 200 mg four times a day in the prophylaxis of recurrent genital herpes. Each treatment began during a recurrence and continued for a maximum of 84 days or until the onset of the next recurrence, when the alternate medication was started. Of 28 patients who complet...

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a prominent infection in transplant recipients. The immunosuppressive drug mizoribine was shown to have anti-CMV activity in vitro and was reported to have an anti-CMV effect in renal transplantation. This study characterized the anti-CMV activity of mizoribine in vitro and its synergistic activity with ganciclovir. Mizoribine suppressed replication and at the...

In this work, the dissolution-absorption studies were conducted on marketed tablets of acyclovir (ACIVIR-200mg) and the mucoadhesive tablets of acyclovir using varying concentration of sodium lauryl sulfate as a permeation enhancer. The purpose of this study was to improve the absorption of acyclovir using sodium lauryl sulfate as permeation enhancer. The everted and perfused intestine model wa...

Ganciclovir is effective in the treatment of human infections with viruses of the Herpesviridae family. Beside antiviral properties, recently ganciclovir was described to inhibit microglial proliferation and disease severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an inflammatory model of multiple sclerosis. Microglial activation and proliferation are main characteristics of neuroinflamma...

The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of human herpesvirus (HHV)-7 and cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia and the effects of oral and intravenous (iv) ganciclovir in renal transplant recipients at risk for CMV. Stored lysates from peripheral blood leukocytes from 92 patients, who had been previously analyzed for CMV viremia by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for 12 weeks after tran...

OBJECTIVE Acyclovir prophylaxis has been considered as mandatory for patients receiving bortezomib because herpes zoster is a common adverse event associated with the use of bortezomib. Although the minimal effective dose of acyclovir for prophylaxis has not yet established, the efficacy of low-dose acyclovir prophylaxis, 400 mg once daily, has been suggested. METHODS We retrospectively revie...