A complete ultrasonic measurement model for surface and plate wave inspections is obtained, where all the electrical, electromechanical, and acoustic/elastic elements are explicitly described. Reciprocity principles are used to describe the acoustic/elastic elements specifically in terms of an integral of the incident and scattered wave fields over the surface of the flaw. As with the case of b...

INTRODUCTION Other contributors to this collection have evoked the disparate worlds inhabited by Sir William Wilde. AIMS To provide an overall assessment of his career. MATERIALS AND METHODS Looking at the historical conditions that made possible such a career spanning such disparate worlds. Deploying methodologies developed by historians of medicine and sociologists of science, the article...

The Chronic Fatigue Service at East London NHS Foundation Trust recognised and coalesced around its major issue of engaging its service users. Using the systematic approach of quality improvement, and the infrastructure provided within East London NHS FT's quality improvement programme, it tested a number of change ideas which saw a significant reduction in non-attendance at appointments, an in...

sources in print and manuscript command respect. The final two chapters deal with Galvani's publication of his definitive views on animal electricity in 1791 and their reception. Stimulating here is Williams' view that Galvani thought about electricity in anatomical terms (although his model was the Leyden jar) whereas Volta, coming from a different direction, saw it quite otherwise. There are ...

Forty-five women participated in a variant of the social orienting paradigm employed in "Maternal Touch Predicts Attentional Bias Towards Faces in Young Children" (Reece, in press) [1]. On a given trial, they saw a mathematical equation and indicated whether this equation was true or false. Equations were superimposed on face or house distractors. A female experimenter sat next to the participa...

A few decades ago, it was not taken for granted that university staff should be formally and regularly assessed, except when they were candidates for promotion. Most universities saw this as a task that had to be done by peers, with other stakeholders seldom being included in this process. Senior colleagues assessed whether a young colleague was fit to move up in the academic ranks. His or her ...

[1] A general acoustic model for a frequency sweep rod-liquid-rod interferometer applicable to high-temperature silicate liquids is presented. The wave propagations in the acoustic model are solved according to the accurate elastic wave equation and the acoustic wave equation. The solutions indicate that when a pulsed wave is sent down a buffer rod, which is partially immersed in a silicate liq...

In a Scanning Acoustic Microscope (SAM) amplitude of focused acoustic beam reflected by a sample is utilized to produce acoustic images and to measure local elastic property for effective nondestructive characterization of materials. The most important acoustic rays involved in both imaging and quantitative measurements in an acoustic lens are shown in Fig.l. The extra contribution to the refle...

Comparison and reminding have both been shown to support learning and transfer. Comparison is thought to support transfer because it allows learners to disregard non-matching features of superficially different episodes in order to abstract the essential structure of concepts. Remindings promote memory for the individual episodes and generalization because they prompt learners to retrieve earli...

Listeners infer which object in a visual scene a speaker refers to from the systematic variation of the speaker's tone of voice (ToV). We examined whether ToV also guides word learning. During exposure, participants heard novel adjectives (e.g., "daxen") spoken with a ToV representing hot, cold, strong, weak, big, or small while viewing picture pairs representing the meaning of the adjective an...