In this work, poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-acrylamide) [P(NIPAAm-co-AAm)] nanogels were modified by hydrolysis above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) to localize carboxylic acid functional groups at the surface (surface hydrolysis). PNIPAAm copolymerized with 15% and 20% nominal AAm in the feed were prepared and compared to equivalent hydrogels with acrylic acid. The effect and ...

The recent advances in instrumentation for amino acid analysis and highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) have shortened the net analysis time for amino acid analysis to less than an hour for each individual sample. Therefore the rate-determining and most essential step of a successful amino acid analysis now lies in the skillful preparation of protein hydrolysates. The commonly used conv...

All four stereoisomers of coronamic acid were synthesized from both enantiomers of 1,2-butanediol. Cyclopropanation of cyclic sulfate with the dibenzyl malonate' anion gaye cyclopropane dibenzyl ester in a quantitatiye ield. Transformation into a protected amino acid was achieyed by stereoselectiye hydrolysis and Cunius rearrangement as the key steps. Saponification and subsequent acidic hydrol...

A new, high yielding method for the preparation of vasicinone (7) is described. Reaction of 2-nitrobenzoic acid with N, N¢-carbonyldiimidazole followed by 2-pyrrolidinone gave 1-(2-nitrobenzoyl)pyrrolidine-2-one (3). Reduction of the latter with 10% Pd-C afforded deoxyvasicinone (4). Reaction of deoxyvasicinone (4) with bromine yielded monobromo-deoxyvasicinone (5). Exchange of bro...

Selective hydrolysis of brown mustard oil (from Brassica juncea) with regioselective porcine pancreas lipase was studied in this work. Buffer and oil phase were considered as the continuous and dispersed phases, respectively. Effects of speed of agitation, pH of the buffer phase, temperature, buffer-oil ratio and enzyme concentration on hydrolysis were observed. The best combination of process ...

Prospects for the development of hydrolysis production are determined by relevance industrial use plant biomass to replace declining reserves fossil organic raw materials and increasing demand ethanol, especially its as automobile fuel, protein-containing feed additives that compensate protein deficiency in production, other products. Based on review research results presented scientific litera...

2,3-Bis(undecyl)succinic acid, succinic acid type Gemini surfactant, was successfully synthesized from Corynomicolic acid by the functional interconversion of OH of Corynomicolic acid to COOH via (1) mesylation of OH of syn-isomer, (2) elimination of methanesulfonate group using base to E-alpha,beta-unsaturated ester, (3) Michael addition of CN(-) with 18-crown-6 and (4) hydrolysis. In most hyd...