Exosomes are membrane vesicles released by reticulocytes during their maturation into erythrocytes. They have a clearing function because of their enrichment with some proteins known to decrease or disappear from the cell surface during maturation, eg, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and transferrin receptor (TfR), respectively. To better understand the molecular events leading to protein sorting i...

The complex and multifactorial nature of neuropsychiatric diseases demands multi-target drugs that can intervene with various sub-pathologies underlying disease progression. Targeting the impairments in cholinergic glutamatergic neurotransmissions small molecules has been suggested as one potential disease-modifying approaches for Alzheimer’s (AD). Tacrine, a potent inhibitor acetylcholinestera...

The possibility that organophosphate toxicity is due to inhibition of targets other than acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) was examined in AChE knockout mice. Mice (34-55 days old) were grouped for this study, after it was determined that AChE, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and carboxylesterase activities had reached stable values by this age. Mice with 0, 50, or 100% AChE activity were t...

Herein we explore facile synthesis of 4-(3H)-Qunazolinone derivatives, achieved by the cyclocondensation of anthranilic acid, aromatic amines and triethyl orthoformate in presence of thiamine hydrochloride (Vitamin B1) as a catalyst, using grinding method. This protocol offers several advantages such as reusability of catalyst, excellent yield, shorter reaction time and economic availability.Qu...

Tacrine (9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine) as a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE),was the first drug for the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). NMR structuredetermination still presents some considerable challenges: the method is limited to systems ofrelatively small molecular mass, data collection times are long, data analysis remains a lengthyprocedure, and...

To date, more than 40 different types of cells from primary cultures or cell lines have shown AChE expression during apoptosis and after the induction apoptosis by different stimuli. It has been well-established that increased AChE expression or activity is detected in apoptotic cells after apoptotic stimuli in vitro and in vivo, and AChE could be therefore used as a marker of apoptosis. AChE i...

background and objective: changes of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase are involved in pathogenesis of different nervous disorders including alzheimer’s disease. this research work was conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effect of pistacia lentiscus ethanolic extract on acetylcholinesterase activity. materials and methods: activity of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (ache) was measured by ellman...