background and aims. the anatomical features of gingiva are important in appropriate periodontal treatment planning. this study was designed to determine the anatomic features of gingival in a group of dental students in tabriz, iran. materials and methods. one-hundred healthy subjects (aged 20-24 years old) with no history of periodontal or orthodontic treatment and a gingival index of zero or...

Pertussis is resurgent, and many cases are occurring in vaccinated children and adolescents. In countries using acellular vaccines, waning immunity is at least part of the problem. This article discusses possible improvements in those vaccines.

excessive alveolar bone resorption is commonly found when teeth are extracted. this is a problem in anterior part of mouth because it will result in an unaesthetic pontic on a narrow hollowed out alveolar ridge. yet, another problem is gingival recession and root exposure in adjacent teeth which represent a therapeutic problem to the clinician. use of acellular dermal matrix graft is an appropr...

To cite: Trivedi S, Dixit J, Goel MM. BMJ Case Rep Published online: [please include Day Month Year] doi:10.1136/bcr-2015211606 DESCRIPTION Extraosseous plasmacytoma, also referred to as extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP), is defined by ICD-10 as a localised plasma cell neoplasm that arises in tissues other than bone. It is considered one of the three variants of plasma cell neoplasms, the other...

background: the langerhans cells (lcs) are dendritic cells (dcs) which belong to the group of antigen presenting cells (apcs). their function is to recognize the antigen, capture it, and present it to the t lymphocytes; thus initiating an early immune response. the antigen presenting functional lcs may play an important part in initiation and development of gingivitis. the aim of this study was...