The tremendous variation in brain size among vertebrates has long been thought to be related to differences in species' metabolic rates. It is thought that species with higher metabolic rates can supply more energy to support the relatively high cost of brain tissue. And yet, while body temperature is known to be a major determinant of metabolic rate, the possible effects of temperature on brai...

There is little room for complacency. For example, it has been difficult to sustain reductions in the incident rate across the aviation industry. This not only indicates an impasse in attempts to achieve ‘zero’ accidents. It is also a source of long-term concern because a stable incident rate combined with rising numbers of departures will yield increases in the frequency of adverse events. In ...

Reports of work accidents and increased absence due to sickness among shift workers have suggested that their work performance and health are adversely affected by interference with the body's normal circadian or biological rhythm. Since the rotating shift is the most disruptive of the work regimens, an investigation was undertaken of the reportable occupational injuries of 1700 paint productio...

Derailments are the most common type of train accident in the United States. They cause damage to infrastructure, rolling stock and lading, disrupt service, and have the potential to cause casualties, and harm the environment. Train safety and risk analysis relies on accurate assessment of derailment likelihood. Derailment rate - the number of derailments normalized by traffic exposure - is a u...

Contextual representation has taken center stage in Natural Language Processing (NLP) the recent past. Models such as Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) have found tremendous success arena. As a first attempt mining industry, current work, BERT architecture is adapted developing MineBERT model to accomplish classification of accident narratives US Mine Safety and Hea...

One of the most important and effective factors in prioritizing high accident prone segments of roads for pedestrians is accident cause which up to now has been neglected in current methods. Since accidents are not additives due to various reasons, prioritizing these segments without considering the accident cause makes the selection of high accident prone segments inaccurate. In this paper, by...

BACKGROUND Resuscitation guidelines for the treatment of accidental hypothermia are based primarily on isolated cases. Mortality rates are high despite aggressive treatment aimed at restoring spontaneous circulation and normothermia. METHODS The present report is based on a boating accident where 15 healthy subjects (median age 16 (range 15-45) years) were immersed in 2 °C salt water. Seven v...

Encopresis is a significant medical problem for millions of children. Despite its prevalence, poor treatment success rates indicate that it is often difficult to treat. The goal of this study was to evaluate an Internet intervention for encopresis (UCanPoopToo) with children from across the US. A 2 (Group) 3 (Time) RCT was used to evaluate the efficacy of UCanPoopToo. Participants were randomiz...

This paper investigates fatal accidents and fatalities at level crossings in Great Britain over the 64-year period 1946-2009. The numbers of fatal accidents and fatalities per year fell by about 65% in the first half of that period, but since then have remained more or less constant at about 11 fatal accidents and 12 fatalities per year. At the same time other types of railway fatalities have f...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the risks of road traffic accidents over a period of three years in drivers with a history of single seizures or epilepsy, and to compare them with a cohort of drivers followed up by the Transport Research Laboratory (TRL). DESIGN A retrospective survey of driving and accident experience by self-completion questionnaire. SUBJECTS 16,958 drivers with a previous history ...