The observation of double peaks of diffraction efficiency through the degenerate four-wave mixing process as a function of the biasing electric-field strength in a nematic liquid-crystal film is described. This behavior is due to the high optical nonlinearity of liquid-crystal media and the dramatic modulating effect of an ac voltage on the reorientational Freedericksz transition. The dependenc...

Dielectrophoretic separation of particles finds a variety of applications in the capture of species such as cells, viruses, proteins, DNA from biological systems, as well as other organic and inorganic contaminants from water. The ability to capture particles is constrained by poor volumetric scaling of separation force with respect to particle diameter, as well as the weak penetration of elect...

Electric field-induced locomotion and transport of worms Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) in a microfluidic device (electrotaxis) is demonstrated in this paper. Direct (DC) and alternating (AC) electric fields inside a microchannel were used to stimulate worms locomotion towards the negative pole and to halt their locomotion while localizing them at desired locations in the channel respectiv...

By using a perturbation approach, we theoretically investigate nonlinear ac susceptibilities of dynamic electrorheological fluids under a dc electric field. We consider the effect of a finite volume fraction. It is shown that the dynamic effect arising from a shear flow plays an important role in the ac responses. Meanwhile, the effect of a finite volume fraction offers a correction. The collec...

Repetitive acoustic stimulation, auditory fear conditioning, and focal electric stimulation of the auditory cortex (AC) each evoke the reorganization of the central auditory system. Our current study of the big brown bat indicates that focal electric stimulation of the AC evokes center-surround reorganization of the frequency map of the AC. In the center, the neuron's best frequencies (BFs), to...

Flexural transducers are well suited for power emission in fluids, thanks to their low mechanical impedance. Their performance is nevertheless compromised by the occurrence of non-linearities stemming from high-deflection andlor high electric field. This experimental work catalogs typical alterations of the transducers' dynamics resulting specifically from high electrical field non-linearities....

Building on our recent work on induced-charge electro-osmosis (ICEO) and electrophoresis (ICEP), as well as the Russian literature on spherical metal colloids, we examine the rich consequences of broken geometric and field symmetries upon the ICEO flow around conducting bodies. Through a variety of paradigmatic examples involving ideally polarizable (e.g. metal) bodies with thin double layers i...