To date, β-catenin has been reported to be implicated in mediating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a variety of human cancers, which can be triggered by EGF. However, the mechanisms underlying EGF-β-catenin pathway-induced EMT of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) have not been reported previously. In the present study, immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription polymerase chain reac...

Glioblastomas (GBMs) are among the most malignant of all human tumors and have poor prognosis. The current standard of care (SOC) includes maximal surgical tumor resection followed by adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) and concomitant radiotherapy (RT). However, even with this treatment, the 5-year survival rate is less than 10%, and thus, follow-up treatment is required to improve efficacy. In GBMs a...

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain tumor and among the most difficult to treat malignancies per se. In almost 90% of all GBM alterations in the PI3K/Akt/mTOR have been found, making this survival cascade a promising therapeutic target, particular for combination therapy that combines an apoptosis sensitizer, such as a pharmacological inhibitor of PI3K, with an apopto...

Coronin-3 (coronin-1C), a homotrimeric F-actin binding protein, has been shown to be important for cell migration and brain morphogenesis. Here, we present for the first time a detailed analysis of the expression pattern of coronin-3 in human brain tumours and demonstrate that coronin-3 expression correlates with malignant phenotype in diffuse gliomas. In general, the expression of coronin-3 va...

β-catenin is a crucial signal transduction molecule in the Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway, and increased β-catenin expression has consistently been found in high grade gliomas. However, the mechanisms responsible for β-catenin overexpression have remained elusive.Here we show that the deubiquitinase USP9X stabilizes β-catenin and thereby promotes high grade glioma cell growth. USP9X binds β-caten...

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant brain tumor characterized by rapid growth and extensive invasiveness. Overexpression of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) has been reported in GBM. However, it remains to be determined how IGFBP-2 is involved in the progression of GBM. We utilized short hairpin-RNA (shRNA) expression retroviral vectors to inactivate the IGFBP-2 g...

Malignant glioma is notorious for its aggressiveness and poor prognosis, and the invasiveness of glioma cells is the major obstacle. Accumulating evidence indicates that kinesin superfamily proteins (KIFs) may play key roles in tumor invasiveness, but the mechanisms remained unresolved. Our previous study demonstrated that membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) was involved in Kines...

Abstract INTRODUCTION Comprising approximately 8% of our genome, Human Endogenous RetroViruses (HERVs) represent a class germline retroviral infections that are regulated through epigenetic modifications. In cancer cells, which often have dysregulation, HERVs been implicated as potential oncogenic drivers. However, their role in gliomas is not known.Given the link between HERV expression cell l...

Abstract BACKGROUND Glioma stem cells (GSCs) have key roles in tumorigenesis, progression, and resistance to conventional treatments for glioblastoma. We reported that TRPM7 channels, which fused with C-terminal kinase, endow glioma cell-like capacities of self-renewal. Here, we investigated the role downstream target gene FOSL1’s post transcription stemness. METHODS 1) The immunohistochemical ...

Abstract Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) are a novel, non-invasive FDA-approved treatment modality for glioblastoma (GBM) that utilises alternating electric fields. Our research aims to elucidate the effect of TTFields on cell cycle advance understanding and find novel targets increasing its efficacy. We studied progression using live-cell imaging (inovitro Live™) PIP-FUCCI-transduced GBM cell...