Semiochemical use is a promising way to reduce damage from pests by improving natural control in agro-ecosystems. The aphid alarm pheromone (E)-?-farnesene (E?F) and herbivore-induced methyl salicylate (MeSA) are two volatile cues induce changes behavior with functional significance. Because of limitations related the volatility oxidization E?F MeSA under conditions, slow-release antioxidant te...

Terpenes are an important class of natural secondary metabolites with a wide range applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and biofuels. Currently, the traditional production methods terpenes almost depend on plant extraction chemical conversion. The method consumes lot resources makes it difficult to separate target compound from extractives, while conversion has complex synthesis route leads s...

in this study, the quantity and quality of essential oil (eo) of chamomile cv. ‘bodegold’, moldavian dragonhead cv. ‘szk1’ and fennel cv. ‘soroksari’ were evaluated in shahrekord climate condition in spring 2014, shahrekord university. chamomile’ flowers and dragonhead’ herb were harvested at full flowering stage. fennel’ fruits were harvested at waxy and full-matured stages. the eo content of ...

The interactions between plants and pollinators are complex. Flower volatiles as special olfactory cues could influence the foraging choices of pollinators. Here, we conducted bioassays to evaluate role flower on attraction honey bees (native Apis cerana exotic mellifera) pears Pyrus bretschneideri communis). Chemical electrophysiological approaches were used determine antennal responses from p...

Background & Aim: White horehound (Marrubium vulgare L.) is a perennial medicinal plant of the family Lamiaceae. The aim of this study was to identify of the chemical components of white horehound collected from Isfahan.  Experimental: The aerial parts of M. vulgare were collected from (Kamu Mountain) Isfahan province central of Iran, during 2014. The essential oils of sample...

The objective of this study is determination the volatile compounds of Matricaria chamomilla of an inorganic–organic hybrid material based on ZnO nanoparticles anchored to a composite made from polythiophene and hexagonally ordered silica (ZnO/PT/SBA-15) as a solid-phase fiber microextraction (SPME). Microextraction techniques with nanoparticles ZnO/PT/SBA-15 resulted in a more efficient analyt...

The root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) is a plant pathogen that causes significant economic damage to important food crops. nematicidal and insecticidal effects of the essential oil extract root stem different species Eupatorium have been studied in several countries. We investigated impact stems leaves E. adenophorum on second-stage juveniles (J2s) M. incognita. Nematode mortality decr...

Abstract Plants represent a rich repository of taxonomically restricted, yet chemically diverse, secondary metabolites that are synthesised via specific metabolic pathways. Enzyme specificity and biosynthetic gene clustering the bottleneck metabolite evolution. As economically important food crops, grape, strawberry, olive produce many pharmaceutically molecules; however, their pathways remain ...