The hexokinase 1 variant in mammalian spermatozoa (HK1S) has a unique N-terminus and this isoform atypically localizes to the plasma membrane. However, the mechanism of this process currently remains ambiguous. In this report, we show that fatty acylation underlies the specific sorting of HK1S. Employing chimeric reporter constructs, we first established that compartmentalization of HK1S does n...

Variable-(diversity)-joining (V(D)J) recombination at loci encoding the immunoglobulin heavy chain (Igh) and immunoglobulin light chain (Igk) takes place sequentially during successive stages in B cell development. Using three-dimensional DNA fluorescence in situ hybridization, here we identify a lineage-specific and stage-specific interchromosomal association between these two loci that marks ...

Dorsal root injury results in substantial and often irreversible loss of sensory functions as a result of the limited regenerative capacity of sensory axons and the inhibitory barriers that prevent both axonal entry into and regeneration in the spinal cord. Here, we describe previously unknown effects of the growth factor artemin after crush injury of the dorsal spinal nerve roots in rats. Arte...

In mammalian ovaries, a fixed population of primordial follicles forms during the perinatal stage and the oocytes contained within are arrested at the dictyate stage of meiotic prophase I. In the current study, we provide evidence that the level of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in oocytes regulates oocyte meiotic prophase I and primordial folliculogenesis in the perinatal mouse ovary. Our results show that...

The evolutionarily conserved frizzled/starry night ( fz/stan) pathway regulates planar cell polarity (PCP) in vertebrates and invertebrates. This pathway has been extensively studied in the Drosophila wing, where it is manifested by an array of distally pointing cuticular hairs. Using in vivo imaging we found that, early in hair growth, cells have multiple actin bundles and hairs that subsequen...

3 A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors or statins are a class of medications with potent effects on reducing serum cholesterol level, and currently have been widely used in the primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD). Previously, a substantial number of clinical studies consistently demonstrated that through decreasing serum cholesterol level, especially ...

1,2JESSICA E SCAIFE, MSc, FRCR, 1,3SIMON J THOMAS, PhD, FIPEM, 1,4KARL HARRISON, MSc, 1,3MARINA ROMANCHIKOVA, PhD, 1,5MICHAEL P F SUTCLIFFE, PhD, MIMechE, 1,6JULIA R FORMAN, PhD, 1,2AMY M BATES, MSc, 1,2RAJ JENA, MD, FRCR, 1,4M ANDREW PARKER, MA(Oxon), PhD and 1,2NEIL G BURNET, MD, FRCR Cancer Research UK VoxTox Research Group, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hosp...

Bilaterian neurogenesis is characterized by the generation of diverse neural cell types from dedicated neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs). However, the evolutionary origin of NPCs is unclear, as neurogenesis in representatives of the bilaterian sister group, the Cnidaria, occurs via interstitial stem cells that also possess broader, non-neural, developmental potential. We address this question...

The International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC) plans to phenotype 20,000 single-gene knockout mice to gain an insight into gene function. Approximately 30% of these knockout mouse lines will be embryonic or perinatal lethal. The IMPC has selected threedimensional (3D) imaging to phenotype thesemouse lines at relevant stages of embryonic development in an attempt to discover the cause of ...

Generation of metal vapour by electron beam heating is a complex phenomenon that involves many concurrent physical and dynamical processes in response to the impact of concentrated flux of energetic electrons on the metal target. These processes occurring at different stages need to be understood in detail for optimization of the process. Detailed investigations were carried out in our laborato...