Three genes (mglA, mglB, and mglC) required for active transport of substrate by the methylgalactoside permease were identified in a hybrid ColE1-DNA plasmid isolated from a clone (pLC3-14) of the Clarke-Carbon bank of Escherichia coli genes. A 4.6-kilobase DNA fragment obtained from pLC3-14 was cloned into the plasmid vector pBR322. The presence of the three mgl genes in the resultant plasmid,...

Gonorrhea is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases in the world. A naturally occurring variation of the terminal carbohydrates on the lipooligosaccharide (LOS) molecule correlates with altered disease states. Here, we investigated the interaction of different stable gonoccocal LOS phenotypes with human dendritic cells and demonstrate that each variant targets a different set o...

The cuticular exoskeleton of arthropods is a composite material comprising well-separated layers that differ in function and molecular constituents. Epidermal cells secrete these layers sequentially, synthesizing components of distal cuticle layers before proximal ones. Could the order of synthesis and secretion be sufficient to account for the precision with which cuticle components localize t...

This study was carried out to study the effect of trace metal addition for hydrogen production The results show that this bacterial need a selected nutrient with selected concentration. The optimum parameters for cultivation were at initial pH of 7.0 and temperature of 30°C. Trace metal addition to the new medium showed that only iron enhanced the H2 yield. The results showed that 25 mgL FeSO4⋅...

An efficient method to transform five cultivars of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), Micro-Tom, Red Cherry, Rubion, Piedmont, and E6203 is reported. A comparison was made of leaf, cotyledon, and hypocotyl explants on 7 different regeneration media without Agrobacterium tumefaciens cocultivation and on 11 different media with cocultivation. Although all cultivars and explants formed callus and r...

Plant genetic transformation requires appropriate choice of antibiotics for regeneration of transformed tissues and elimination of Agrobacterium, and minimal concentration of selective agents for the selection of putative transformants during transformation. This study was conducted to examine the effects of three antibiotics (carbenicillin, cefotaxime, and Clavamox) on in vitro plant regenerat...

.................................................................................................2 Acknowledgement .....................................................................................4 Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................5 1. Literature Review: Recent development of FAAH/MGL inhibi...

Fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) are non-oxidative metabolites of ethanol that accumulate in human tissues upon ethanol intake. Although FAEEs are considered as toxic metabolites causing cellular dysfunction and tissue damage, the enzymology of FAEE metabolism remains poorly understood. In this study, we used a biochemical screen in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to identify and characterize putative ...

A procedure for rapid clonal propagation of Passiflora edulis Sims. f. flavicarpa Deg. (Passifloraceae) has been developed in this study. Nodal explants were sterilized with 0.1% HgCl2 and inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium. The addition of 2.0 mgL(-1) 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) to MS medium caused an extensive proliferation of multiple shoots (8.21 ± 1.13) primordial from the n...

An efficient in vitro protocol was standardized for Almond (Prunus dulcis) propagation using dormant axillary buds as explants. Explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) and woody plant medium (WPM) supplemented with different concentration/combination(s) of phytohormones. MS basal medium showed lowest shoot induction and took longest duration for shoot initiation. Multiple shoots were...