PURPOSE To evaluate the relationship of anisometropia with unilateral amblyopia, interocular acuity difference (IAD), and stereoacuity among Head Start preschoolers using both clinical notation and vector notation analyses. DESIGN Multicenter, cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Three- to 5-year-old participants in the Vision in Preschoolers (VIP) study (n = 4040). METHODS Secondary analy...

This paper uses a specific-factors model incorporating two sectors, in order to explore the efficiency and distributional consequences of international disintegration of production. The economy faces a neighboring region where the wage rate is lower than obtaining in the domestic economy under integrated production, which gives rise to an incentive for outsourcing. Assuming that outsourcing is ...

The molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of vas deferens (VD) motility and semen emission are still poorly understood. We now report evidence on VD expression of phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), which regulates nitric oxide (NO)-induced relaxation and cGMP breakdown in smooth muscle cells. In human VD, the PDE5 abundance was relatively high (>3 x 10(6) molecules/microg total RNA), alt...

The use of carbonyl-stabilised ammonium ylides to access chiral glycidic amides and the corresponding aziridines has so far been limited to racemic trans-selective protocols. We herein report the development of an asymmetric approach to access such compounds with high levels of stereoselectivity using easily accessible chiral auxiliary-based ammonium ylides. The use of phenylglycinol as the chi...

BACKGROUND IBS is a complex disorder that encompasses a wide profile of symptoms. Current drug treatments for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are of limited value. Many target specific symptoms only. Tegaserod, a 5HT(4) partial agonist, represents a novel mechanism of action in the treatment of IBS. OBJECTIVES The objective of this review was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of tegase...

Free-riding incentives are a pervasive phenomenon of social life. In case of private provisions of public goods, free-riding leads to inefficient underprovision. Economic theory explains this by viewing contributions to a public good as strategies in a noncooperative game (Theodore C. Bergstrom et al., 1986; Richard C. Cornes and Todd Sandler, 1986). Experimental evidence suggests that subjects...

This study addresses the possibility for nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membrane processes to serve as an alternative to remove low levels of selected antibiotics from wastewaters and surface waters given changing water conditions such as pH and presence of natural organic matter (NOM). Preliminary experimental results obtained with a dead-end filtration apparatus suggest that ads...

During the brewing process, lipid oxidation can lead to undesirable flavours in beer [I]. Naturally occuring phenols in malt (germinated barley) have proven their effectiveness as antioxidants [2]. Ferulic acid (4-hydroxy-3methoxy cinnamic acid) is the most abundant phenolic acid in barley. It acccounts for 0.14% of dry matter in barley grains 131, and it is mainly esterified to arabinofuranosy...

This article presents problems arisen when processing complex vague joins in the Vague Query System (VQS) and introduces a new solution to efficiently solve these problems. Join operation is one of the most expensive ones in database management systems. In context of the VQS, vague joins are prohibitively expensive in terms of IO-cost and CPUcost because they must undergo intermediate processin...