This work describes a way to apply 3D Finite Element (FE) analysis to the thermal design of power electronic modules using simplified geometry models of the system components. The method here presented can overcome the problem of solving equation systems with a very high number of Degrees Of Freedom (DOF) due to complex geometry of a power module.

spin is a quantum property of every electron, associated with its intrinsic angular momentum. Though there are no suitable physical analogies to describe the spin quantum number, there are two possibilities , called spin 'up' and spin 'down.' The electronic structure of iron in minerals is generally such that valence electrons will more abundantly occupy different spatial orbitals and maintain ...

A recently developed robust Algebraic Multigrid (AMG) method for the efficient solution of 3D nonlinear electrostatic and magnetostatic field problems will be presented. The method is directed to large matrix equations which arise from finite element (FE) discretization where AMG is used as a preconditioner in the Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient (PCG) method. Numerical results will demonstrat...

Using 1,4-diaminobenzene and 2-formylpyridine as simple building blocks results in a 1D ligand (rod, L2) to 2D (M4L4 grid, C1) to 3D (S4 symmetrical M4L6, C2) complexes upon sequential addition of Cu(I) and Fe(II) ions. The complex C2 can be seen as the smallest possible pseudo-tetrahedron with S4 symmetry.

Ferrocene (Fc) and tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) moieties were incorporated into novel hybrid molecules of structure FcS4TTF(R)2 (R = CF3 and SMe). [FcS4TTF(R)2](•+) exhibited R-dependent spin-density distribution, and [FcS4TTF(CF3)2](••2+) showed the coexistence of Fc-centered Fe 3d and TTF-centered π spins. The solid-state molecular structures in different oxidation states reflect their characteri...

BACKGROUND Dental biomechanics based on finite element (FE) analysis is attracting enormous interest in dentistry, biology, anthropology and palaeontology. Nonetheless, several shortcomings in FE modeling exist, mainly due to unrealistic loading conditions. In this contribution we used kinematics information recorded in a virtual environment derived from occlusal contact detection between high ...

Amorphous-like Ni-Fe-S ultrathin nanosheets by oxygen incorporation and electrochemical tuning show excellent OER activity at high current densities. Such excellent performance could be attributed to the unique 3D porous configuration composed of amorphous-like ultrathin nanosheets with much more active sites and improved conductivity, as well as the proper electronic structure benefiting from ...

Technical advancement in the field of ultra-small sensors and devices demands the development of novel micro- or nano-based architectures. Here we report the design and assembly of cross-linked three dimensional graphene nanoribbons (3D GNRs) using solution based covalent binding of individual 2D GNRs and demonstrate its electrochemical application as a 3D electrode. The enhanced performance of...

The exploration of the FeF3/FeF2-Hamtetraz-HF system in dimethylformamide by solvothermal synthesis evidences two isostructural 3D hybrid fluoroferrates. They are prepared from the same starting mixture at two different synthesis temperatures: 120 °C for [Hdma]·(Fe4(II)Fe(III)F8(H2O)2(amtetraz)4) () and 140 °C for [Hdma]1.5·(Fe4.5(II)Fe0.5(III)F7(H2O)(HCOO)(amtetraz)4) (). Both compounds are ch...

We report on the fabrication of desired magneto-photonic devices by a low one-photon absorption (LOPA) direct laser writing (DLW) technique on a photocurable nanocomposite consisting of magnetite ( Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles and a commercial SU-8 photoresist. The magnetic nanocomposite was synthesized by mixing Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles with different kinds of SU-8 photoresists. We demonstrated that...