Recently, people pay more and more attention to the healthy lifestyles. And there is an increasing demand for the green agricultural products in real life. With the rapid development of the computer network technology and the electronic commerce, the emergence of e-business provides a new idea to promote the service of agricultural products. A huge supply chain network is established by the new...

on one hand, iran due to the low annual rainfall and lack of appropriate spatial and temporal distribution in precipitation is considered as an arid and semi-arid country experiencing stress and water scarcity; on the other hand, 90% of annual water consumption has been allocated to agriculture sector in iran and efficiency and productivity of water consumption do not enjoy favorable status in ...

present study, compares iran's agricultural products competitiveness power with mena's countries during 1995-2011. for accomplishing mentioned goal, first, agricultural commodities export and import indices calculated for each one of twenty countries of mentioned region and then revealed comparative advantages index of agricultural commodities trade calculated. results showed that iran had comp...

This paper aims to analyze tariff protection policies in the agricultural sector of developing countries. The agricultural tariff structure in developing countries is characterized by: i) high average tariffs, ii) the existence of tariff escalation, iii) dispersion of nominal tariffs across tariff lines, and iv) a wide gap between average nominal tariffs and import-weighted average tariffs. Con...

Chlorpyrifos (see Figure 1) is the most widely used insecticide in the United States, both in crop production and in nonagricultural applications.1 Its nonagricultural use in the United States is estimated at between 9 and 12 million pounds per year.1 Agricultural use estimates vary: the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates that between 10 and 15 million pounds are used annually...

this study concerns with calculation of iran's agricultural bilateral trade costs and major influential factors in iran's bilateral trade with developed and developing countries. the main findings revealed that over the period 1995-2010 weighted average of agricultural trade cost with developing partners has declined by 44, and with developed partners has increased by 22 percent. this reduction...

the methods, the technology, the production patterns, the equipment, the capacity of the domestic infrastructure of each country, the mechanism of market capacity, market chains, releasing and distribution channels of agricultural and food product, purchasing patterns, and food consuming of consumers affect on the wastes of food products. regardless of the level of economic and social developme...