OBJECTIVE Studying the methylation status of long terminal repeats (LTR) and its relationship to gag expression of HIV-1 in order to explore regulation mechanism of HIV-1 gene expression in vertical transmission from sperm to embryo. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Sperm samples were collected from a healthy donor and seven patients with HIV/AIDS. Zona-free hamster ova were fertilized by donor's s...

nowadays gamete and embryo freezing is an appropriate approach for preserving of genetic traits in laboratory animals, rare and endangered species. frozen cells are suitable replace for actively breeding animals colony. the aim of this study was to perserve laboratory mouse embryo, using vitrification method and comparing effect of two cryoprotectants, glycerol-sucrose(gs) and ethylene glycol-f...

In vitro embryo production is important for research in animal reproduction, embryo transfer, transgenics, and cloning. Yet, in vitro-fertilized (IVF) embryos are generally developmentally delayed and are inferior to in vivo-derived (IVV) embryos; this discrepancy is likely a result of aberrant gene expression. Transcription of three genes implicated to be important in normal preimplantation em...

BACKGROUND Recent work has shown that glucose may induce cell injury through the action of free radicals generated by autooxidation or through hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase inhibition. The effect of glucose during early in vitro culture (IVC) period of porcine embryos on their developmental competence, contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH), and the quality of ...

this study was carried out to investigate the morphological and anatomical aspects of somatic embryogenesis in date palm. lateral bud and shoot tip explants excised from young offshoots were cultured on ms medium with 2,4-d. somatic embryogenesis was in-duced by transferring the calli produced on the same medium without hormones. micro-tome sectioning of paraffin-embedded specimens was carried ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence, developmental potential, chromosomal constitution and clinical outcome of embryos with direct unequal cleavages (DUC). DESIGN A retrospective observational study. SETTING Academic Institution. PARTICIPANT 21,261 embryos from 3,155 cycles cultured in EmbryoScope®. RESULTS The total incidence of DUCs per embryo occupying the first three cleavages w...

background: to assess embryos derived by the transfer of meiosis-ii chromosomes (m-ii-t) from aged mice oocytes into ooplasms from younger mice to overcome the problem of age-related decline in female fertility. materials and methods: the developmental capacity karyotype and ultrastructure of reconstructed oocytes derived from meiosis-ii chromosome transplantation from aged mice into the ooplas...

INTRODUCTION Embryo biopsy has potential applications in molecular research processes in domestic animals, besides its application in sex determination in embryo transfer programs. The objective of the present study was to assess the in vitro development of bovine embryos biopsied on different days of precompacted morula stage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Slaughterhouse-derived oocytes were matured...

The effect of destruction of some blastomeres on subsequent cleavage in vitro was investigated in the marsupial Antechinus stuartii. Blastomeres were killed by puncturing with a fine glass needle. The positions of the punctured and surviving blastomeres were recorded with respect to the yolk mass and defects on the shell membrane. Blastomeres were punctured in 2-cell, 4-cell, 14-cell, 16-cell a...

BACKGROUND Nowadays, oocytes and embryos vitrification has become a routine technique. Based on clinical judgment, re-vitrification maybe required. But little is known about re-vitrification impact on genes expression. OBJECTIVE The impact of re-vitrification on apoptotic and implanting genes, Bax, Bcl-2 and ErbB4, at compaction stage embryos were evaluated in this study. MATERIALS AND METH...