The most common practice to model the transistor chain, as it appears in CMOS gates, is to collapse it to a single equivalent transistor. This method is analyzed and improvements are presented in this paper. Inherent shortcomings are removed and an effective transistor width is calculated taking into account the operating conditions of the structure, resulting in very good agreement with SPICE ...

ness of titles. The total Titles scores for Years 1984, 1990, 1998, and 2008 increased up to fifth grade, remained static in sixth grade, t(36,664)1⁄4 3.40, p1⁄4 .043, seventh and eighth grades, t(44,612)1⁄4 2.02, p1⁄4 .001, and high school, t(29,475)1⁄4 1.12, p1⁄4 .001, as Figure 1 shows. Titles scores significantly increased in adults, t(15,602)1⁄4 14.84, p< .001. FIGURE 1 Total Fluency, Orig...

The nsmb code (Navier-Stokes Multi-Block) solves the fully coupled system of equations simultaneously using a cell-centered finitevolume approach. This note assesses the sensitivity to some turbulence models and numerical schemes implemented in nsmb when computing two test cases in standard mode, that is, without tuning the code to these two cases. The cases are 1. subsonic flow around the ms(1...

S AND COMMENTS RISK FACTORS FOR FRACTURES IN THE ELDERLY H Jacqrningadda, A Founier, D Commenges and J F Dartigues, France .............. 221 USE OF TOENAIL FLUORIDE LEVELS AS AN INDICATOR FOR THE RISK OF HIP AND FOREARM FRACTURES IN WOMEN NEW, OR BIASED, EVIDENCE ON WATER FLUORIDATION D Feskanich, W Owusu, D J Hunter et a/, USA ................................................ 221 ................

Bernard Morris Dwork, “Bernie” to those who had the privilege of knowing him, died on May 9, 1998, just weeks short of his seventyfifth birthday. He is survived by his wife of fifty years, Shirley; his three children, Andrew, Deborah, and Cynthia; his four granddaughters; his brothers Julius and Leo; and his sister, Elaine Chanley. We mention family early in this article, both because it was su...

Objectives: To examine whether elimination of fatal diseases will increase healthcare costs. Design: Mortality data from vital statistics combined with healthcare spending in a cause elimination life table. Costs were allocated to specific diseases through the various healthcare registers. Setting and subjects: The population of the Netherlands, 1988. Main outcome measures: Healthcare costs of ...

after a two-year illness brought on by a stroke. He left no surviving family, except for his wide family of friends, students, and colleagues, and the rich legacy of his life's work, in both mathematics and as an art collector. " Sammy " , as he has long been called by all who had the good fortune to know him, was one of the great architects of twentieth-century mathematics and definitively res...