A strong coupling standing wave, interacting with three-level L-type ~or ladder-type! atoms, can diffract a weak probe field ~propagating along a direction normal to the standing wave! into high-order diffractions, a phenomenon which we name electromagnetically induced grating ~EIG!. We develop in this work a theory for studying EIG in a homogeneously broadened medium consisting of three-level ...

Parvin-e E`tesami, the daughter of Yousef E`tesami, was one of the eminent poets of the constitutional period. Her father, E`tesam al-Molk was a remarkable intellectual. He was one of the very first translators and one of the writers whose work started Romanticism in Iran in the last years of Qajar dynasty. He translated pieces from a vast range of topics and, thus, he had an undeniable role in...

cloning and expression of the l-phenylalanine dehydrogenase gene, from b. sphaericus in e. coli were done. the gene was cloned in the vector pet16b and transformed into e. coli bl21 (de3). the functional form of the l-phenylalanine dehydrogenase enzyme was purified by affinity purification techniques, taking advantage of the ability of this enzyme to bind to the nucleotide site affinity dye, re...

With the expansion of connected devices (tablets, smartphones, etc.), a leap in multiplatform technologies is occurring, bringing about changes many areas communications professions. In this context, values based on flexible, multiplatform, cooperative work that takes audience into consideration are increasingly important. Professional photography coexists with — and even rivaled by images take...

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