The higher concentration of man-made objects like asphalt pavement and concrete structures within urban areas lead to the formation of subareas known as urban heat islands (UHI), where the ambient temperature is significantly higher. Having a good understanding of this problem is critical for better urban development. Thermal infrared (TIR, 8-12 μm) remote sensing is often used to localize UHI....

Illumination based on objective-type total internal reflection (TIR) is nowadays widely used in high-performance fluorescence microscopy. However, the desirable application of such setups for dark-field imaging of scattering entities is cumbersome due to the spatial overlap of illumination and detection light, which cannot be separated spectrally. Here, we report a novel TIR approach based on a...

With the growing popularity of online social media, identifying influential users in these social networks has become very popular. Existing works have studied user attributes, network structure and user interactions when measuring user influence. In contrast to these works, we focus on user behavioural characteristics. We investigate the temporal dynamics of user activity patterns and how thes...

This paper details our participation in the NTCIR-11 Temporalia task including Temporal Query Intent Classification (TQIC) and Temporal Information Retrieval (TIR). In the TQIC subtask, we explore the rich temporal information in the labeled and unlabeled search queries. Semi-supervised and supervised linear classifiers are learned to predict the temporal classes for each search query. In the T...

The family of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) senses conserved structures found in a broad range of pathogens, causing innate immune responses that include the production of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and interferons. The signal transduction is initiated from the Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain of TLRs after pathogen recognition. Almost all TLRs use a TIR-containing adapter MyD88 to...

Plant innate immunity relies on the recognition of pathogen effector molecules by nucleotide-binding-leucine-rich repeat (NB-LRR) immune receptor families. Previously we have shown the N immune receptor, a member of TIR-NB-LRR family, indirectly recognizes the 50 kDa helicase (p50) domain of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) through its TIR domain. We have identified an N receptor-interacting protein,...

Space-based radar places significant demands on the spacecraft resources (mass, power, data rate) and is therefore very expensive to implement. These systems typically require active phased-array antennas with hundreds or thousands of Transmit/Receive (TIR) modules distributed on the array. Highefficiency is a vitally important figure of merit for the radar T/R module because it reduces the pow...

Sound field control methods can be used to create multiple zones of audio in the same room. The separation achieved by such systems has classically been evaluated using physical metrics including acoustic contrast and target-to-interferer ratio (TIR). However, to optimise the experience for a listener it is desirable to account for perceptual factors. A search procedure was used to select 5 lou...