background: the present study investigated the effect of the middle east dust storm episodes on the concentration and composition of pm 10 during april to september 2013 in sanandaj city, western iran. methods: sampling was once every six days, and on dusty days using an omni air sampler. the pm 10 sample was collected on polytetrafluoroethylene filters. average of 24 h values of pm 10 mass con...

Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) make up the so-called chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Advances in the understanding of IBD pathophysiologic mechanisms in the last few years have allowed the development of novel therapies such as biologic therapies, which at least theoretically represent a more specific management of this disease with fewer side effects. Currently, the...

A fit young man sustained a ruptured diaphragm during a recreational scuba dive three months after undergoing an uncomplicated laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. It is proposed that this rare occurrence was attributable to gastrointestinal barotrauma. The injury was treated by laparotomy, mobilisation of herniated abdominal viscera back into the abdomen, r...

Abstract. Artificial impervious surface area (ISA) documents the human footprint. Accurate, timely, and detailed ISA datasets are therefore essential for global climate change studies urban planning. However, due to lack of sufficient training samples operational mapping methods, at a 10 m resolution still lacking. To this end, we proposed method leveraging multi-source geospatial data. Based o...

AIM To determine the consensus and concordance with published standards and expert opinion among New Zealand's designated diving doctors (DDDs) and general practitioners (GPs) regarding medical fitness-to-dive. METHODS A postal survey canvassed doctors' opinions regarding fitness-to-dive of 20 'real-life' applicants with potentially relevant medical conditions. In 17 cases, a 'desired respons...

Scuba has permitted in situ research of the early life histories of subtidal marine invertebrates, limited only by the small size of early stages. Investigators have used scuba to observe, among other things, coral spawning, including the spectacular mass spawns on the Great Barrier Reef, which established that most corals are hermaphroditic broadcast spawners. Observations and experiments have...