The Notch and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signaling pathways play critical roles in the control of cell fate during metazoan development. However, mechanisms of cross-talk and signal integration between the two systems are unknown. Here, we demonstrate a functional synergism between Notch and TGF-beta signaling in the regulation of Hes-1, a direct target of the Notch pathway. Act...

Included in the New Zealand Government’s green paper “ A Future Tertiary Education Policy for New Zealand is the intention to put in place common quality standards, standard methods for reporting programs of study, and a national system to record all students registered in any paper at any tertiary institution. Through the National Qualifications Framework (NQF) the government asserts the right...

In the developing central nervous system (CNS), Notch signaling preserves progenitor pools and inhibits neurogenesis and oligodendroglial differentiation. It has recently been postulated that Notch instructively drives astrocyte differentiation. Whether the role of Notch signaling in promoting astroglial differentiation is permissive or instructive has been debated. We report here that the astr...

INTRODUCTION Our aims were to analyze adhesion of periodontopathogens to self-ligating brackets (Clarity-SL [CSL], Clippy-C [CC] and Damon Q [DQ]) and to identify the relationships between bacterial adhesion and oral hygiene indexes. METHODS Central incisor brackets from the maxilla and mandible were collected from 60 patients at debonding after the plaque and gingival indexes were measured. ...

The galaxy image pair CSL-1 has been a leading candidate for a cosmic string lens. High quality imaging data from the Hubble Space Telescope presented here show that it is not a lens but a pair of galaxies. The galaxies show different orientations of their principal axes, not consistent with any lens model. We present a new direct test of the straight-string lens model, using a displaced differ...

Analysis 1: Promotions to Brigadier General Is there a relationship between promotion to Brigadier General and resilience? Analysis 2: Below Zone (BZ) Promotions Is BLOCKINthere BLOCKINa BLOCKINrelationship BLOCKINbetween BLOCKINearly BLOCKINField BLOCKINGrade BLOCKINofficer BLOCKINpromotion BLOCKINand BLOCKINresilience? Analysis 3: Selection for a Centralized Selection List (CSL) Key Billet Is...

Continuous Time Markov Chains (CTMCs) are widely used as the underlying stochastic process in performance and dependability analysis. Model checking of CTMCs against Continuous Stochastic Logic (CSL) has been investigated previously by a number of authors [2,4,13]. CSL contains a time-bounded until operator that allows one to express properties such as “the probability of 3 servers becoming fau...

The present study investigated the influence of radical position regularity in Chinese character orthographic tasks among Chinese-as-a-second-language (CSL) learners. The role that radical position regularity plays in the learning of Chinese characters was also verified by showing the aforementioned regularity. To address this issue, two experiments were conducted using the Chinese Radical Asse...

OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the effects of extra corporeal shock-wave therapy (ESWT) on the calcaneal spur length and pain severity in overweight and obese patients with symptomatic calcaneal spur. METHODS In eighty patients with symptomatic calcaneal spur, ESWT was administered on days 0 and 7, and visual analog scale (VAS) scores and calcaneal spur lengths (CSLs) before and 3 months late...

The tiller inhibition gene (tin) that reduces tillering in wheat (Triticum aestivum) is also associated with large spikes, increased grain weight, and thick leaves and stems. In this study, comparison of near-isogenic lines (NILs) revealed changes in stem morphology, cell wall composition, and stem strength. Microscopic analysis of stem cross-sections and chemical analysis of stem tissue indica...