Shallow water depth measurements using multispectral images are crucial for marine surveying and mapping. At present, relevant studies either depend on the use of other auxiliary data (such as field water depths or water column data) or contain too many unknown variables, thus making these studies suitable only for images that contain enough visible wavebands. To solve this problem, a Quasi-Ana...

The objectives of this study were to examine the effects of castration on the calpain proteinase system (mu-calpain, m-calpain, and calpastatin) activities and meat tenderness. Six each, MARC III bulls and steers were slaughtered at approximately 12 mo of age. Longissimus muscle samples were obtained for determining myofibril fragmentation index, Warner-Bratzler shear force, and sensory panel e...

PURPOSE Fast swim times in morning rounds are essential to ensure qualification in evening finals. A significant time-of-day effect in swimming performance has consistently been observed, although physical activity early in the day has been postulated to reduce this effect. The aim of this study was to compare intradaily variation in race-pace performance of swimmers routinely undertaking morni...

Total amounts and patterns of bromoisoxazoline alkaloids of Aplysina sponges from Croatia (Mediterranean Sea) were analyzed along an underwater slope ranging from 1.8 to 38.5 m. Total amounts of alkaloids varied from sample to sample and showed no correlation with depth. In contrast, striking differences of alkaloid patterns were found between sponges from shallow sites (1.8-11.8 m) and those c...

As it can strongly influence the availability of light and thus primary production, coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) affects the function of lake ecosystems. Therefore reliable methods are required for the monitoring of CDOM concentration. A new method using downwelling irradiance was tested for applicability in four selected lakes of the Bavarian Osterseen Lake District, which consists...

The present work has two goals. The first is to complete the classification of geometries in terms of torsion classes of M-branes wrapping cycles of a Calabi-Yau. The second goal is to give insight into the physical meaning of the torsion class constraints. We accomplish both tasks by defining new energy minimizing calibrations in M-brane backgrounds. When fluxes are turned on, it is these cali...

A YAG laser was used to emit nanosecond pulses of light at 532 nm at depths from 1185 to 2200 m in Antarctic ice, corresponding to temperatures increasing from 229 to 249 K. From the timing distributions of photons arriving at phototubes at distances up to 100 m and at similar depths, the scattering and absorption coefficients were measured, and the temperature dependence of absorptivity at 532...