Let M = (M,m,u) be a monad and let (MX,m) be the free M-algebra on the object X. Consider an M-algebra (A, a), a retraction r : (MX,m) → (A, a) and a section t : (A, a) → (MX,m) of r. The retract (A, a) is not free in general. We observe that for many monads with a ‘combinatorial flavor’ such a retract is not only a free algebra (MA0,m), but it is also the case that the object A0 of generators ...

Let X be any compact connected Riemann surface of genus g, with g ≥ 3. For any r ≥ 2, let MX denote the moduli space of holomorphic SL(r, C)–connections over X . It is known that the biholomorphism class of the complex variety MX is independent of the complex structure of X . If g = 3, then we assume that r ≥ 3. We prove that the isomorphism class of the variety MX determines the Riemann surfac...

Mx proteins are interferon-induced GTPases that inhibit the multiplication of certain negative-stranded RNA viruses. However, it has been unclear whether GTPase activity is necessary for antiviral function. Here, we have introduced mutations into the tripartite GTP-binding consensus elements of the human MxA and mouse Mx1 proteins. The invariant lysine residue of the first consensus motif, whic...

In this paper we explore the possibility of intermediate scale physics in the context of superstring models with higher Kac-Moody levels, by focusing on leftright and Pati-Salam symmetries. We find that the left-right scale may lie in the range 10 − 10 GeV which is favored by neutrino physics, while the Pati-Salam scale is at most two or three orders of magnitude below the unification scale MX ...

The influence of particles properties on biofilm structure, reactor performance, and energy consumption for denitrifying fluidized bed bioreactors (DFBBRs) using maxi-blast plastic (MX), multi-blast plastic (MB), natural zeolite (NZ), and lava rock (LR) was investigated. The work showed that the particles with sphericity of 0.9 (MB and NZ) maintained a fluffy protruding biofilm and achieved sli...

The annihilation of new dark matter candidates with masses mX in the MeV range may account for the galactic positrons that are required to explain the 511 keV γ-ray flux from the galactic bulge. We study the impact of MeV-mass thermal relic particles on the primordial synthesis of H, He, and Li. If the new particles are in thermal equilibrium with neutrinos during the nucleosynthesis epoch they...

Mitoxantrone (MX) is an immunosupressant drug used in secondarily progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) and in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). It has a leukemogenesis potential induced by cytogenetic abnormalities, though with a low incidence. Promyelocitic leukaemia (type M3) and other forms of acute myeloblastic leukaemias (M4 and M5) have been described in a few MS patients wh...

The problem of classifying dynamical systems (flows) with global cross-sections in terms of the associated diffeomorphisms of the crosssections is considered. Suppose that, for i = 1,2, ty is a C flow (r > 0) on the Cr manifold M¡ that admits a global cross-section 5, Q M¡ with associated diffeomorphism ('first return map') d¡. If rank (HX(MX ;Z)) = 1, then (Mx,<j)X) is Cs equivalent (s < r) to...

In this in vitro study, we determined whether masitinib could reverse multidrug resistance (MDR) in cells overexpressing the ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) transporter. Masitinib (1.25 and 2.5 µM) significantly decreases the resistance to mitoxantrone (MX), SN38 and doxorubicin in HEK293 and H460 cells overexpressing the ABCG2 transporter. In addition, masitinib (2.5 µM) sign...

Data acquisition software is an essential component of modern macromolecular crystallography (MX) beamlines, enabling efficient use of beam time at synchrotron facilities. Developed at the Paul Scherrer Institute, the DA+ data acquisition software is implemented at all three Swiss Light Source (SLS) MX beamlines. DA+ consists of distributed services and components written in Python and Java, wh...