Breakdown of wave transport due to strong disorder is a universal phenomenon known as Anderson localization (AL). It occurs because of the macroscopic population of reciprocal multiple scattering paths, which in three dimensional systems happens at a critical scattering strength. Intensities on these random loops should thus be highly increased relative to those of a diffusive sample. In order ...

One of the fabrication methods for functionally graded materials (FGMs) is a centrifugal solid-particle method, which is an application of the centrifugal casting technique. However, it is the difficult to fabricate FGMs containing nano-particles by the centrifugal solid-particle method. Recently, we proposed a novel fabrication method, which we have named the centrifugal mixed-powder method, b...

In recent years, the effects of heterogeneous catalysts for the oxidation of organic and inorganic pollutants in industrial wastewaters are spread. Traditionally, these reactions are usually carried out using suspensions of photo-catalysts such as TiO2. A chemical method including TiCl4, Al(NO3)3, ethanol amine, ethyl acetoacetate and aqueous ammonia were used for the fabrication of TiO2-Al2O3 ...

During the last 10 years, with the development of nanocrystalline films of very high surface area, the photosensitization of wide-bandgap semiconductors, such as TiO2, by adsorbed dyes has become more realistic for solar-cell applications. In a porous film consisting of nanometer-sized TiO2 particles, the effective surface area can be enhanced 1000-fold, thus making light absorption efficient e...

In this paper, utilization of clustering algorithms for data fusion in decision level is proposed. The results of automatic isolated word recognition, which are derived from speech spectrograph and Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) analysis, are combined with each other by using fuzzy clustering algorithms, especially fuzzy k-means and fuzzy vector quantization. Experimental results show that the ...

Aluminum(III)-modified TiO2 was prepared by sol-gel process via a sudden gelating method. The structure of the modified material and the local environment of aluminum were investigated using X-ray diffraction, HRTEM, XPS, 27Al MAS NMR, and xi-potential measurements. The effect of the aluminum modification on interaction between the dye and photocatalyst, the interfacial electron transfer proces...