Progestins bind to the progestin receptor (PR) isoforms, PR-A and PR-B, in brain to influence development, female reproduction, anxiety, and stress. Hormone-activated PRs associate with multiple proteins to form functional complexes. In the present study, proteins from female mouse hypothalamus that associate with PR were isolated using affinity pull-down assays with glutathione S-transferase-t...

We previously demonstrated that 17beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, the enzyme that inactivates estradiol to estrone, is expressed in luteal eutopic endometrium in response to progesterone but not in simultaneously biopsied peritoneal endometriotic tissue. This molecular evidence of progesterone resistance, together with the clinical observation of resistance of endometriosis to treatme...

where Pr(Θ) is the prior distribution and refers to the information previously known about Θ, Pr(X | Θ) is the probability that X is obtained with the assumed model, and Pr(X) is the unconditioned probability that X is observed. Pr(Θ | X) is commonly called the posterior distribution and can be written in the form π(Θ) = w(Θ)/Z, where the weight w(Θ) = Pr(X | Θ)Pr(Θ) is easy to compute but the ...

Long-lived tree species are subject to attack by various pests and pathogens during their lifetime. This problem is exacerbated by climate change, which may increase the host range for pathogens and extend the period of infestation by pests. Plant defences may involve preformed barriers or induced resistance mechanisms based on recognition of the invader, complex signalling cascades, hormone si...

Accumulating evidence indicates that progestins are involved in controlling mammary gland tumorigenesis. Here, we assessed the molecular mechanisms of progestin action in breast cancer models with different phenotypes. We examined C4HD cells, an estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptor-positive murine breast cancer model in which progestins exert sustained proliferative response, the LM3 mu...

BACKGROUND Although pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has been reported to improve exercise capacity in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, it is unknown which exercise measurement is the most responsive for evaluation of PR efficacy. The purpose of this study was to compare the responsiveness of 5 exercise measurements by evaluating the efficacy of PR in subjects with idiopathic pulmonary...

OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of acute bronchitis, rhinitis, and sinusitis among children and adolescents and identify associated factors. METHODS This is a population-based, cross-sectional study. A household survey was conducted with 1,185 children and adolescents from the city of São Paulo (Southeastern Brazil), from 2008 to 2009. The participants were selected by means of probability...

In human parturition, progesterone withdrawal and estrogen activation are not mediated by changes in progesterone and estrogen levels. Instead, these events could be facilitated by changes in the responsiveness of the myometrium to progesterone and estrogens via changes in PR and ER expression. We hypothesized that functional progesterone withdrawal occurs by increased expression of the type A ...

BACKGROUND & AIMS The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is the largest single provider of care for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the United States. We analyzed the cost effectiveness of treatment with the HCV protease inhibitors boceprevir and telaprevir in a defined managed care population of 102,851 patients with untreated chronic genotype 1 infection. METHODS We used a decision-a...