The two forms of inorganic arsenic, arsenate (AsV) and arsenite (AsIII), are easily taken up by the cells of the plant root. Once in the cell, AsV can be readily converted to AsIII, the more toxic of the two forms. AsV and AsIII both disrupt plant metabolism, but through distinct mechanisms. AsV is a chemical analog of phosphate that can disrupt at least some phosphate-dependent aspects of meta...

Background. Asunaprevir (ASV) is a selective NS3 protease inhibitor with in vitro activity vs hepatitis C virus (HCV) GT 1, 4, 5 and 6. Methadone (MET) and buprenorphine (BUP) are opioid analgesics; patients on HCV therapy may also require MET or BUP to treat opioid dependence. The effect of ASV on MET or BUP/naloxone (NLX) pharmacokinetics (PK) was assessed in subjects on stable opioid therapy...

BACKGROUND Both adaptive servoventilation (ASV) and nocturnal oxygen therapy improve sleep disordered breathing (SDB), but their effects on cardiac parameters have not been compared systematically. METHODS AND RESULTS 43 patients with chronic heart failure (CHF; left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤50%) with SDB were randomly assigned to undergo ASV (n=19, apnoea hypopnoea index (AHI)=3...

Background. Daclatasvir (DCV) is a potent hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5A replication complex inhibitor with pangenotypic (GT 1-6) activity in vitro. Asunaprevir (ASV) is a selective NS3 protease inhibitor with in vitro activity against GT 1, 4, 5 and 6. These two direct-acting antivirals (DAA) are in phase 3 development and regulatory review as a dual-DAA regimen (DCV + ASV) for the treatment of ...

AsIII uptake in living cells is through aquaglyceroporin transporters, but it is unknown in arsenic-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata. We investigated the effects of AsIII analogs glycerol and antimonite (SbIII) at 0-100 mM and aquaporin inhibitor AgNO(3) at 0-0.1 mM on the uptake of 0.1 mM AsIII or AsV by P. vittata over 1-2 h. Glycerol or SbIII didn't impact AsIII or AsV uptake by P. vittata (p...

Asunaprevir (ASV), an isoquinoline-based competitive inhibitor targeting the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A protease, is very potent in vivo. However, the potency is significantly compromised by the drug resistance mutations R155K and D168A. In this study three crystal structures of ASV and an analogue were determined to analyze the structural basis of drug resistance susceptibility. These stru...

During the last years a growing interest in automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems developed. Recent ASV systems still produce two kinds of errors to a considerable extent: false acceptances and false rejections of speakers. The systems generally react extremely sensitive to intra-speaker variability of voice and speaking style, caused for example by different psychological states of the ...

Usually, we need a large number of testing samples to evaluate the performance of automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems. The equal error rate (EER) is a common measure for this purpose. It is derived according to the threshold determined by finding the verification score when the false rejection rate (FRR) equals to the false acceptance rate (FAR). In this paper, a method of model-based ...

It is well known that automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems can be vulnerable to spoofing. The community has responded to the threat by developing dedicated countermeasures aimed at detecting spoofing attacks. Progress in this area has accelerated over recent years, partly as a result of the first standard evaluation, ASVspoof 2015, which focused on spoofing detection in isolation from A...