BACKGROUND Diagnosing blunt cardiac injury (BCI) can be difficult. Many patients with mechanism for BCI are admitted to the critical care setting based on associated injuries; however, debate surrounds those patients who are hemodynamically stable and do not otherwise require a higher level of care. To allow safe discharge home or admission to a nonmonitored setting, BCI should be definitively ...

In this paper, utilization of clustering algorithms for data fusion in decision level is proposed. The results of automatic isolated word recognition, which are derived from speech spectrograph and Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) analysis, are combined with each other by using fuzzy clustering algorithms, especially fuzzy k-means and fuzzy vector quantization. Experimental results show that the ...

As a new way of implementing human-computer interface, brain-computer interfaces (BCI) dramatically change the user experiences and have broad applications in cyber behavior research. This methodological review attempts to provide an overall picture of the BCI science and its role in cyberpsychology. After an introduction of BCI and the literature search methods used in this review, we offer an...

We consider the notion of an isomorphism between two hyper BCI-algebras and obtain all of the hyper BCI-algebras of order 3. It is shown that there exist 14 proper hyper BCI-algebras and 5 proper weak hyper BCI-algebras of order 3 up to isomorphism. Finally, further study on the theory of hyper BCI-algebra and its related hyper structure and applications of our results in information sciences a...

OBJECTIVE Brain computer interfaces (BCI) can serve as a communication system for people with severe impairment in speech and motor function due to neurodegenerative disease or injury. Reasons for inter-individual differences in capability of BCI usage are not yet fully understood. Paradigms making use of the P300 event-related potential are widely used. Success in a P300 based BCI requires the...

In a recent study by Sellers et al. (1) a patient in locked-in state after brainstem stroke was able to successfully communicate via electroencephalography (EEG) based brain computer interface (BCI) employing a P300 speller paradigm. BCI uses the brain signal, which can either be the electrical signal (electroencephalography-EEG) (2) or a change in hemodynamic activity [functional magnetic reso...

In this paper, we study soft rough BCI-algebras with respect to MSapproximation spaces. Some new soft rough operations over BCI-algebras are explored. In particular, lower and upper soft rough BCI-algebras with another soft set are investigated. Finally, a kind of decision making method for soft rough BCI-algebras are originally investigated.

Brain Computer Interface (BCI) enable paralyze peoples to interact and control their environment by defining the direct communication between human feelings (brain) and technological aspects (external device). The feature extraction and translation of commands in BCI are the critical tasks, which are the key of BCI system. Using the semantic method will enhance the both of these features. Nowad...

In this position paper we describe part of the Dutch BrainGain research project on Brain Computer Interfacing (BCI) and our planned research in this project. We focus on BCI research for healthy users. In the BrainGain project our task is to look at Human Factors aspects of BCI applications, to look at multimodal interactions that include BCI interactions, and to design games, game environments...