Empirical probability models for BATSE GRB location errors are developed via a Bayesian analysis of the separations between BATSE GRB locations and locations obtained with the InterPlanetary Network (IPN). Models are compared and their parameters estimated using 392 GRBs with single IPN annuli and 19 GRBs with intersecting IPN annuli. Most of the analysis is for the 4Br BATSE catalog; earlier c...

A key facet of professional development is the formation of professional identity. At its most basic level, professional identity for a scientist centers on mastery of a discipline and the development of research skills during doctoral training. To develop a broader understanding of professional identity in the context of doctoral training, the Carnegie Initiative on the Doctorate (CID) ran a m...

Temperature responsive hydrogels based on ionic polymers exhibit swelling transitions in aqueous solutions as a function of shifting pH and ionic strength, in addition to temperature. Applying these hydrogels to useful applications, particularly for biomedical purposes such as drug delivery and regenerative medicine, is critically dependent on understanding the hydrogel solution responses as a ...

The signaling domain of Sonic hedgehog (Shh), a potent upstream regulator of cell fate that has been implicated in osteoblast differentiation from undifferentiated mesenchymal cells in its endogenous form, was investigated in an immobilized form as a means for accelerating differentiation of uncommitted cells to the osteoblast phenotype. A recombinant cysteine-modified N-terminal Shh (mShh) was...

Although alginate hydrogels have been extensively studied for tissue engineering applications, their utilization is limited by poor mechanical strength, rapid drug release, and a lack of cell adhesive ability. Aiming to improve these properties, we employ the interpenetrating hydrogel design rationale. Using alginate and sericin (a natural protein with many unique properties and a major compone...

Despite diagnostic and therapeutic advances, the treatment of infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) continues to be a complex problem to solve. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of different surgical alternatives for the treatment of IPN. Articles published between 2000 to 2013, and related to effectiveness of open surgery (OS) and minimally invasive treatmente (MIT) in patien...

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) was employed in this study to design controllable drug release systems because of its non-toxic nature, swelling properties. New interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN) of HPMC / tri-isocyanate crosslinked polyurethane (TCPU) could be prepared on the surfaces of IPN materials. To design "Novel Drug-carrying Matrix Systems", incorporation of novel structure i...

As a promising power source to boost up advent of next-generation ubiquitous era, high-energy density lithium-ion batteries with reliable electrochemical properties are urgently requested. Development of the advanced lithium ion-batteries, however, is staggering with thorny problems of performance deterioration and safety failures. This formidable challenge is highly concerned with electrochemi...

Natural polymers such as proteins and polysaccharides though very useful exhibit a limitation in their reactivity and process ability. These shortcomings were overcome by chemical and physical alteration of natural polymers. Among various investigations, the interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) for hydro gels have attracted much attention. It is a combination of at least two polymer chains ...

This paper presents a novel, cost-effective approach to the fabrication of composite anion exchange membranes (AEMs). Hierarchical AEMs have been fabricated by coating porous substrate with an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) layer where poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) is immobilized in crosslinked matrix. The IPN matrix was formed UV initiated radical crosslinking mixture acrylamide-based m...