In neonatal rat brains in vitro, the rostral ventral respiratory column (rVRC) contains neurons that burst just before the phrenic nerve discharge (PND) and rebound after inspiration (pre-I neurons). These neurons, called parafacial respiratory group (pfRG), have been interpreted as a master inspiratory oscillator, an expiratory rhythm generator or simply as neonatal precursors of retrotrapezoi...

در این پژوهش تقویت باریکه لیزر تپی فمتوثانیه Ti:sapphire ­کننده بازتولیدی با آرایش هندسی Z براساس روش تپ چیرپ بررسی شده است. برای انتقال ورودی اولیه به داخل کاواک و استخراج از دو سلول پاکل استفاده زمان شکل‌گیری برحسب انرژی دمش مطالعه روند تحول مورد قرار گرفته مدت تولید بدون حضور 80 نانوثانیه فرایند 38 نرخ تکرار 10 هرتز طول موج مرکزی 800 نانومتر بیشینه 2 میلی‌ژول بعد 17 رفت برگشت 15 میلی ژول 532...

Abstract In the history of metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), quality its gate oxide has been a cornerstone present semiconductor integrated circuits. The changes dielectrics from conventional SiO 2 into high-k materials brought us more challenges in various aspects transistors, especially reliability improvement when MOSFET dimension is continually scaled. Depending on...

Abstract Motivated by the advent of machine learning, last few years have seen return hardware-supported low-precision computing. Computations with fewer digits are faster and more memory energy efficient but can be extremely susceptible to rounding errors. As shown recent studies into reduced-precision climate simulations, an application that largely benefit from advantages computing is numeri...

Random telegraph noise (RTN) is often considered a nuisance or, more critically, key reliability challenge for miniaturized semiconductor devices. However, this picture gradually changing as recent works have shown emerging applications based on the inherent randomness of RTN signals in state-of-the-art technologies, including true random number generator and IoT hardware security. Suitable mat...