The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a family of structurally related proteins that comprises of TGF-β, activins/inhibins, and bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs). Members of the TGF-β family control numerous cellular functions including proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and migration. The first identified member, TGF-β is implicated in seve...

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a lung tropic virus causing severe airway diseases including bronchiolitis and pneumonia among infants, children, and immuno-compromised individuals. RSV triggers transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) production from lung epithelial cells and TGF-β facilitates RSV infection of these cells. However, it is still unknown whether RSV infected myeloid cells ...

Background: TGF-β has long been considered as the main inducer of Tregs in tumor microenvironment and is the reason for the aberrant number of Tregs in tumor-bearing individuals. Recently, it has been suggested that the enzyme arginase I is able to mediate the induction of Tregs in a TGF-β-independent fashion. The recombinant WW2/WW3 domains from smad ubiquitination regulatory factor 2 molecule...

Background and aims: Vitiligo, a pigmentation-associated disease, affects 1–2% of the global population andis difficult to treat. The pathogenetic mechanism vitiligo remains unclear. Vernonia anthelmintica (L.) Willd. extract for treatment was initially recorded 300 years ago. Itschalcone compounds are believed play essential roles in this treatment. In previous study, chalcones were shown enha...

* ون ي ،لوئسم هدنس نابايخ نارهت ـ ب يناهفـصا يفرشا ا زا رتلا ق هكل پ كنو كلاپ مجنپ هچوك 14 نفلت : 09122092651 email: [email protected] فده و هنيمز : رُخرُخ اـب هـك باوـخ رد مد ماگنه رد يسفنت دنلب يادص زا تسا ترابع و تدـش زا يـفلتخم تاـجرد يم زورب سناكرف ديامن . رُخرُخ يراتفرگ ببس ار يدايز هرمزور و يعامتجا ياه يم دوش . رد نام شور لماش و يـبط ياـه يم يحارج دشاب . تيدودـحم و ضراوـع تـلع...

Chronic wounds affect more than 2% of the population worldwide, with a significant burden on affected individuals, healthcare systems, and societies. A key regulator entire wound healing cascade is transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), which regulates not only inflammation extracellular matrix formation but also revascularization. This present work aimed at characterizing tissues obtained fr...

INTRODUCTION Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a well-known regulator of fibrosis and inflammation in many tissues. During embryonic development, TGF-β signaling induces expression of the transcription factor scleraxis, which promotes fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis in tendons. In skeletal muscle, TGF-β has been shown to induce atrophy and fibrosis, but the effect of TG...

Heparan sulfate (HS) mediates the activity of various growth factors including TGF-β. Heparanase is an endo-glucuronidase that specifically cleaves and modifies HS structure. In this study, we examined the effect of heparanase expression on TGF-β1-dependent signaling activities. We found that overexpression of heparanase in human tumor cells (i.e., Fadu pharyngeal carcinoma, MCF7 breast carcino...

Apoptosis in ovarian surface epithelial (OSE) cells is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). However, high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGC) are refractory to the inhibitory functions of TGF-β; their invasiveness is up-regulated by TGF-β through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) activation. Serous borderline ovarian tumors (SBOT) have been recognized as distinct entities...

background: it has been documented that cytokines play important roles in the induction of normal functions of the placenta. it has been hypothesized that abnormal expression of the cytokines may be associated with unsuccessful pregnancy. objective: the aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of interleukin-17a (il-17a) and tumor growth factor (tgf-ß) in pre-term, term neonates, and t...