SUMMARY A prior clinical report of 3T MR imaging in subsequently healthy very premature neonates imaged at term-equivalent age found that both gradient recalled-echo-T1WI and spin-echo-T2WI showed higher rates of myelinated structures, compared with spin-echo-T1WI. The current study set out to assess those rates on the same sequences at 3T in term neonates and thus consisted of 16 term neonates...

Magic echo cycles are introduced for performing quadrupolar echo spectroscopy of spin-1 nuclei. An analysis is performed via average Hamiltonian theory showing that the evolution under chemical shift or static field inhomogeneity can be refocused simultaneously with the quadrupolar interaction using these cycles. Due to the higher convergence in the Magnus expansion, with sufficient RF power, m...

In this paper, we propose an efficient integrated acoustic echo and noise suppression algorithm using the combined power of acoustic echo and background noise within a soft decision framework. The combined power of the acoustic echo and noise is adopted to the integrated suppression algorithm based on soft decision to address the artifacts such as the nonlinear distortion and the disturbed nois...

Adaptive algorithms have been widely used to reduce or cancel undesired echo signals in acoustic communication systems. In particular, in a double-talk scenario, fluctuations in the estimation of echo path parameters and nonlinear distortion in a hybrid system may result in significant performance degradation. In this paper, the use of nonlinear echo cancellation via a correlation RLS (CRLS) al...

this paper is focused on implementation of acoustic echo cancellation using modified variable step size least mean square algorithm (MVSSLMS) in LabVIEW. Simulation experiments are done to measure its performance and compared with other conventional variable step size algorithms. Results show better performance of MVSSLMS over other algorithms in terms of echo return loss enhancement (ERLE), es...

We present an extremely simple and effective signal processing solution to the acoustic echo control problem. The approach is based on the concept of synchronous statistical adaptation of an acoustic echo canceler and a postfilter for residual echo suppression. The required convergence state of the echo canceler is estimated by a new statistical element of our system. Double talk detection is n...

When I began writing these columns I had no idea how they might develop. I had accepted the invitation thinking that I would have time on my hands that I could devote to the written word. Part of my intention was to produce pithy, well-chosen comments on contemporary biological research, and to use the opportunity to say all the things one wants to say, but that are excluded from papers by refe...

BACKGROUND Echo-state networks (ESN) are part of a group of reservoir computing methods and are basically a form of recurrent artificial neural networks (ANN). These methods can perform classification tasks on time series data. The recurrent ANN of an echo-state network has an 'echo-state' characteristic. This 'echo-state' functions as a fading memory: samples that have been introduced into the...

In this paper, new echo and NEXT cancellers are proposed for echo and NEXT cancellation in full-duplex digital transmission over 10GBASE-T system. The proposed cancellation schemes inherit the concept of the adaptive interpolated FIR (AIFIR)-based crosstalk canceller, where the long portion is modeled by an adaptive sparse FIR filter. Furthermore, we also employ the channel shortening technique...

Gradient-echo sequences are widely used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for numerous applications ranging from angiography to perfusion to functional MRI. Compared with spin-echo techniques, the very short repetition times of gradient-echo methods enable very rapid 2D and 3D imaging, but also lead to complicated "steady states." Signal and contrast behavior can be described graphically and ...